Cigarette smoking is a major preventable cause of morbidity and mortality. While quitting smoking is the best option, switching from cigarettes to non-combustible alternatives (NCAs) such as e-vapor products is a viable harm reduction approach for smokers who would otherwise continue to smoke. A key challenge for the clinical assessment of NCAs is that self-reported product use can be unreliable, compromising the proper evaluation of their risk reduction potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim was to investigate the levels of cytokines and soluble IL-6R in the tears of patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) disease. Schirmer's test was adopted to collect tears from TAO patients (N = 20, 17 women, mean age (±SD): 46.0 years (±13.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: To date, Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy (TAO), an autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting the eye, remains poorly characterised and its diagnosis challenging. The aim of this study was to investigate the tears of the TAO patients in order to identify potential biomarkers. Two independent quantitative Tandem Mass Tag™ 6-plex experiments were done.
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