Chemical diversity of the herbal decoction of Plectranthus ornatus and its anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in zebrafish models.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Plectranthus ornatus is a medicinal plant originally from Africa but adapted to Brazil's climate conditions. It is recognized for its therapeutic properties, particularly for treating liver and stomach diseases, gastritis control, heartburn, and hangover. Therefore, studies on its chemical composition and pharmacological evaluation are important for the safe use of the plant.

N-Methyl-(2S,4R)-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline isolated Sideroxylon obtusifolium attenuates TPA-induced irritant contact dermatitis in mice.

Dermatitis is defined as a set of inflammatory diseases that affect the skin, with varied causes. Among the different types of dermatitis, contact dermatitis is the most prevalent. Although the current therapy is often effective, it is associated with adverse effects and the possibility of drug tolerance.

Isolation of indole alkaloids and a new norneolignan of hydroethanol extract from the stem barks of Aspidosperma nitidum Benth: Preclinical evaluation of safety and anti-inflammatory and healing properties.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Aspidosperma nitidum Benth (Apocynaceae) is a tree found in Brazil especially in the Amazonia region, known as "carapanaúba", being used by indigenous and cabloco population in folk medicine in the treatment of malaria, leprosy, rheumatism, cancer, diabetes and inflammatory disorders. However, there are no scientific reports, up to now, to evidence its popular use as anti-inflammatory and healing agent.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to isolate indole alkaloids, as well as investigate the safety, anti-inflammatory and healing properties of hydroethanol extract from the stem barks of Aspidosperma nitidum Benth (An).

Anxiolytic effects of -(4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1,2-dithiolo-[4,3,b]-pyrrole-6-yl)--methylformamide, a pyrroloformamide isolated from a marine sp., in adult zebrafish by the 5-HT system.

General anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent mental health problems worldwide. The emergence and development of anxiety disorders can be due to genetic (30-50%) or non-genetic (50-70%) factors. Despite medical progress, available pharmacotherapies are sometimes ineffective or can cause undesirable side effects.

UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-based metabolomic approach and gastroprotective effect of two chemotypes of Egletes viscosa (L.) less. against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Egletes viscosa (L.) (macela) is a native wild herb that can be found in different states of northeastern Brazil. The infusions of its flower buds are traditionally used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.

Anti-inflammatory kaurane diterpenoids of Erythroxylum bezerrae.

Five unusual kaurane diterpenes, designated as bezerraditerpenes A-E (1-5), along with six known ones (6-11), were isolated from the hexane extract of the stems of Erythroxylum bezerrae. Their structures were elucidated based on the interpretation of the NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The anti-inflammatory potential of the diterpenes 1-11 was screened through cellular viability and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production on murine macrophage-like cells RAW 264.

Anti-inflammatory withajardins from the leaves of Athenaea velutina.

Withajardins, uncommon modified withanolide-type steroids, have been isolated exclusively from plants of the Solanaceae family so far. Two undescribed withajardins and the known tuboanosigenin were isolated from the hexane/EtOAc 1:1 extract from Athenaea velutina leaves. Their structures were established by an extensive analysis of 1D and 2D-NMR and HRMS data.

Phytochemical analysis and preclinical toxicological, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory evaluation of hydroethanol extract from the roots of Harpalyce brasiliana Benth (Leguminosae).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Harpalyce brasiliana Benth (Leguminosae) is a shrub endemic to Brazil, popularly known as "snake's root." This species is used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation and snakebites. However, up to now there is no scientific research to justify its popular use.

Phenolic Lipids Derived from Cashew Nut Shell Liquid to Treat Metabolic Diseases.

Metabolic diseases are increasing at staggering rates globally. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα/γ/δ) are fatty acid sensors that help mitigate imbalances between energy uptake and utilization. Herein, we report compounds derived from phenolic lipids present in cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), an abundant waste byproduct, in an effort to create effective, accessible, and sustainable drugs.

Discovery of sustainable drugs for Alzheimer's disease: cardanol-derived cholinesterase inhibitors with antioxidant and anti-amyloid properties.

As part of our efforts to develop sustainable drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD), we have been focusing on the inexpensive and largely available cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) as a starting material for the identification of new acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. Herein, we decided to investigate whether cardanol, a phenolic CNSL component, could serve as a scaffold for improved compounds with concomitant anti-amyloid and antioxidant activities. Ten new derivatives, carrying the intact phenolic function and an aminomethyl functionality, were synthesized and first tested for their inhibitory potencies towards AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE).

Anxiolytic-like effect of brominated compounds from the marine sponge Aplysina fulva on adult zebrafish (Danio rerio): Involvement of the GABAergic system.

Benzodiazepines are commonly used to treat disorders of the central nervous system, including anxiety. However, due to their adverse effects, there is a continuing interest in discovering new safe and effective drugs. Marine natural products have emerged as a prolific source of bioactive nitrogenated compounds.

Biological and physical approaches on the role of piplartine (piperlongumine) in cancer.

Chronic inflammation provides a favorable microenvironment for tumorigenesis, which opens opportunities for targeting cancer development and progression. Piplartine (PL) is a biologically active alkaloid from long peppers that exhibits anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity. In the present study, we investigated the physical and chemical interactions of PL with anti-inflammatory compounds and their effects on cell proliferation and migration and on the gene expression of inflammatory mediators.

NIR and H qNMR methods coupled to chemometrics discriminate the chemotypes of the gastroprotective herb Egletes viscosa.

Egletes viscosa is a Brazilian medicinal herb consumed as flower bud tea due to its gastroprotective properties. This plant possesses two essential oil-based chemical varieties: trans-pinocarveyl acetate-rich chemotype A and cis-isopinocarveyl acetate- rich chemotype B. Therefore, we developed two simple, fast and reliable methods for discrimination of E.

Novel polyprenylated benzophenone derivatives from Clusia burle-marxii.

Three new caged polyprenylated benzophenone derivatives named burlemarxiones D-F (1-3) were isolated from the hexane extract of Clusia burle-marxii trunks. Burlemarxione D (1) contains the tetracyclo[8.3.

Effect of nanoemulsion modification with chitosan and sodium alginate on the topical delivery and efficacy of the cytotoxic agent piplartine in 2D and 3D skin cancer models.

Due to the limited options for topical management of skin cancer, this study aimed at developing and evaluating nanoemulsions (NE) for topical delivery of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine). NEs were modified with chitosan or sodium alginate, and the effects on the physicochemical properties, piplartine delivery and formulation efficacy were evaluated. The nanoemulsion droplets displayed similar size (96-112 nm), but opposite charge; the polysaccharides improved piplartine penetration into and across the skin (1.

Tropane alkaloids from the stem bark of Erythroxylum bezerrae.

Six previously undescribed tropane alkaloids, designated as erythrobezerrines A-F, were isolated from the EtOH extract from the stem bark of Erythroxylum bezerrae Plowman. Their structures were elucidated based on the interpretation of the NMR and MS data and in some instances, confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds was evaluated against the cancer cell lines L929, PC-3, HCT-116, SNB-19 and NCI-H460, but only erythrobezerrine C showed moderate activity with IC values of 3.

A Proline Derivative-Enriched Fraction from Protects the Hippocampus from Intracerebroventricular Pilocarpine-Induced Injury Associated with in Mice.

The -methyl-(2S,4R)-trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline-enriched fraction (NMP) from was evaluated as a neuroprotective agent in the intracerebroventricular (icv) pilocarpine (Pilo) model. To this aim, male mice were subdivided into sham (SO, vehicle), Pilo (300 µg/1 µL icv, followed by the vehicle , ) and NMP-treated groups (Pilo 300 µg/1 µL icv, followed by 100 or 200 mg/kg ). The treatments started one day after the Pilo injection and continued for 15 days.

Potent nonopioid antinociceptive activity of telocinobufagin in models of acute pain in mice.

Introduction: In recent decades, several researches have been conducted in search of new analgesics that do not present the side effects of opioids. In this context, animal venoms contain natural painkillers that have been used for the development of new analgesics.

Objective: The aims of this study were to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of telocinobufagin (TCB), a bufadienolide isolated from venom, in murine acute pain models, and to verify the participation of the opioid system in these effects.

4-Hydroxy-pyran-2-one and 3-hydroxy-N-methyl-2-oxindole derivatives of Salinispora arenicola from Brazilian marine sediments.

Three new 3-hydroxy-N-methyl-2-oxindole (1 and 2) and 4-hydroxy-pyran-2-one (3) derivatives, along with the known 3-hydroxy-N-methyl-2-oxindole (4) and 6-methoxy-N-methylisatin (5) were isolated from a marine Salinispora arenicola strain from sediments of the St. Peter and St. Paul Archipelago, Brazil.

Genotoxic Assessment of the Dry Decoction of Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão (Anacardiaceae) Leaves in Somatic Cells of Drosophila melanogaster by the Comet and SMART Assays.

Medicinal plants are worldwide used as an efficient treatment of many diseases. Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão (Anacardiaceae) is widely used Brazilian folk medicine to treat inflammations and infections of the female genital tract, conditions of the stomach and throat, and to heal wounds on the skin and mucous membranes. Several pharmacological properties of extracts and compounds isolated from M.

Polyprenylated benzophenone derivatives with a novel tetracyclo[8.3.1.0.0]tetradecane core skeleton from Clusia burle-marxii exhibited cytotoxicity against GL-15 glioblastoma-derived human cell line.

Three new polyprenylated benzophenone derivatives (1-3) were identified in the hexane extract of Clusia burle-marxii trunks, through the isolation and structural elucidation of their methyl derivatives, along with two known polyprenylated benzophenone derivatives sampsonine N (4) and obdeltifolione C (5). Burlemarxiones A (1) and B (2) show an unprecedent tetracyclo[8.3.

Antibacterial Salinaphthoquinones from a Strain of the Bacterium Recovered from the Marine Sediments of St. Peter and St. Paul Archipelago, Brazil.

Salinaphthoquinones A-E (-) were isolated from a marine strain, recovered from sediments of the St. Peter and St. Paul Archipelago, Brazil.

Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions intended for intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting.

As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. To confer bioadhesive properties, the nanoemulsion was modified with chitosan or hyaluronic acid. Tricaprylin was selected as the nanoemulsion non-polar phase due to its ability to dissolve larger drug amounts compared to isopropyl myristate and monocaprylin.

Development of a method for quantitative determination of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) in multiple skin layers.

This study reports the development of a simple and reproducible method, with high rates of recovery, to extract the cytotoxic agent piplartine from skin layers, and a sensitive and rapid UV-HPLC method for its quantification. Considering the potential of piplartine for topical treatment of skin cancer, this method may find application for formulation development and pharmacokinetics studies to assess cutaneous bioavailability. Porcine skin was employed as a model for human tissue.