Effects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Waveforms and Occlusion Pressures on Elicited Force and Microvascular Oxygenation.

Context: Interest in the effects of concurrently using neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and blood flow restriction (BFR) to improve muscle strength has risen, but limited studies and inconsistent findings have led to more questions. The 2 current projects aimed to systematically investigate how NMES waveform shape and BFR occlusion pressure acutely influence electrically elicited force (EEF) and tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) of the knee extensors.

Design: A single-session repeated-measures design was followed.

Does shoulder stability differ with or without subscapularis repair after primary reverse total shoulder arthroplasty? A systematic review.

The use of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) has expanded from its original indication as a rotator cuff arthropathy treatment to include a large variety of pathologies. A frequently reported complication with this surgery is postoperative shoulder instability with reported incidence varying widely from 2.3 to 38%.

Intrapulmonary foreign body: sponge retained for 43 years.

We present a patient who had a left thoracotomy 43 years previously. Since that surgery he experienced intermittent hemoptysis, and a recent thoracotomy revealed an intrapulmonary foreign body (retained sponge) in the left lower lobe. The liability potential of this case is discussed.

Heterogeneity in direct cytotoxic function of L3T4 T cells. TH1 clones express higher cytotoxic activity to antigen-presenting cells than TH2 clones.

In the process of generating culture supernatant from T cell clones, with anti-CD3 antibodies and the B lymphoma A20 as APC, a striking difference in the stimulation of TH1 and TH2 clones was observed, i.e., TH2 clones produced higher levels of lymphokines than TH1 clones.

Surgical revascularization of acute (1 hour) coronary occlusion: blood versus crystalloid cardioplegia.

This study compares blood versus crystalloid cardioplegia in restoring contractile function, and high-energy phosphate and tissue water content in a myocardial segment after 1 hour of coronary artery occlusion. Anesthetized dogs underwent instrumentation with the chest open to measure left ventricular and aortic pressures, and systolic shortening in the myocardium perfused by the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was measured with ultrasonic crystals. In 21 dogs, the LAD was occluded for an hour, thereby replacing systolic shortening with passive lengthening averaging -28.

Ticlopidine versus aspirin and dipyridamole: influence on platelet deposition and three-month patency of polytetrafluoroethylene grafts.

In an attempt to establish a specific drug regimen that would retard neointimal fibrous thickening (NFT) and promote patency of small arterial grafts, we studied acute platelet accumulation and 3-month patency of 4 mm polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts in dogs treated with oral aspirin (2 mg/kg/day) in combination with dipyridamole (5 mg/kg/day) (ASA/D) or ticlopidine (25 mg/kg/day) (T). After 3 days of treatment, 15 dogs were given indium 111-labeled autologous platelets and then had bilateral femoral artery grafts placed (control, 10 grafts; each drug group, 10 grafts). The calculated graft radioactivity expressed as average counts per 10 minutes +/- standard error of the mean (SEM) was as follows: control = 542,003 +/- 63,991; ASA/D = 135,163 +/- 14,443 (p less than 0.

Immediate functional recovery and avoidance of reperfusion injury with surgical revascularization of short-term coronary occlusion.

Functional recovery with surgical revascularization of acutely ischemic myocardium has not been compared with its nonsurgical counterpart in experimental preparations of coronary occlusion. This study compares the functional and metabolic recovery of ischemic (1 hr coronary occlusion) segments revascularized either by restoration of coronary patency (simulating nonsurgical recanalization, e.g.

Methodology for the determination of dinitroaniline herbicides in tissue and excreta.

A method is presented for the analysis of trace amounts of dinitroaniline herbicides in tissue and excreta. The method employs extraction of the tissue or excreta with organic solvent, clean up by liquid/liquid partitioning or silica gel chromatography, and ultimate analysis by gas chromatography using electron capture detection. Recoveries of greater than 80% were noted over the range of concentration 0.

Long-term accumulation of hexachlorobenzene in adipose tissue of parent and filial rats.

The concentrations of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in adipose tissue were similar for F0 and F1b generations in rats fed 20 ppm HCB until 45 weeks of age. Nulliparous females receiving treatment equivalent to the HCB-treated F0 generation rapidly accumulated HCB in their fat and, by 13 weeks of age, the residue values coalesced with values in 13-week-old F1a females which had received additional HCB via the placenta and milk. Between 13 and 30 weeks of age, steady-state storage was approached and no significant increase in HCB concentrations occurred through 65 weeks of age.

The determination of underivatized chlorophenols in human urine by combined high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and selected ion monitoring.

A method for the determination of underivatized chlorophenols in human urine samples by combined high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry is described. Results obtained on individual samples are reported and compared with data obtained by alternative chromatographic methods.

Method for the confirmation of chlorophenols in human urine by LC with an electrochemical detector.

A method is described for the confirmation of chlorophenols in human urine. A hydrolyzed urine sample is analyzed by both gas chromatography (GC), and liquid chromatography (LC) with electrochemical detection and the results compared. A discussion of these results, including factors affecting separation, detection, and confirmation of chlorophenols in human urine, is included.

Electron capture gas chromatographic determination of Kepone residues in environmental samples.

The pollution of the environment with Kepone (decachlorooctahydro-1,3,4-metheno-2H-cyclobuta[cd]pentalen-2-one) by an industrial manufacturer of the pesticide resulted in the contamination of several terrestrial media, including biological life, near the entry of the insecticide into the ecosystem. The substrata investigated and for which residue methodology was developed included river sediment, soil, water, shellfish, and finfish. Rigorous extraction techniques utilizing the Soxhlet apparatus and the Polytron tissue homogenizer were required for complete removal of Kepone from the samples.