Correlation Between Medical School Performance and Receiving Awards in General Surgery Residency.

Importance: It is uncertain whether current measures of achievement during medical school predict exceptional performance during surgical residency. One surrogate of excellence during residency may be awards, especially those given for teaching and annual overall accomplishment.

Objective: Determine whether markers of superior performance during medical school documented in the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS) application and student record correlated with receiving awards during residency.

Association of Residency Applicants' Hobbies and Subsequent Technical Proficiency Ratings as General Surgery Chief Residents: A Multi-Institutional Study.

Objective: To determine whether participation in certain hobbies (e.g., participation in sports, playing musical instruments, or other hobbies requiring fine motor skills), preresidency, are associated with higher technical skills ratings at the time of residency graduation.

Characteristics Associated With Outstanding General Surgery Residency Graduate Performance, as Rated by Surgical Educators.

Importance: Characteristics of outstanding graduating surgical residents are currently undefined. Identifying these qualities may be important in guiding resident selection and resident education.

Objective: To determine characteristics that are most strongly associated with being rated as an outstanding graduating surgical resident.

Resident Readiness for Senior Level Decision Making: Identifying the Domains for Formative Assessment and Feedback.

Objective: To establish expert consensus regarding the domains and topics for senior surgery residents (PGY-4) to make critical decisions and assume senior-level responsibilities, and to develop the formative American College of Surgeons Senior Resident Readiness Assessment (ACS SRRA) Program.

Design: The American College of Surgeons (ACS) education leadership team conducted a focus group with surgical experts to identify the content for an assessment tool to evaluate senior residents' readiness for their increased levels of responsibility. After the focus group, national experts were recruited to develop consensus on the topics through three rounds of surveys using Delphi methodology.

Firearm Safety Counseling for Patients: An Interactive Curriculum for Trauma Providers.

Introduction: Firearm injuries are a major public health concern. Safe firearm storage is recommended by multiple medical organizations. However, rates of firearm safety counseling are particularly low among trauma providers.

Medicaid Expansion Under the Affordable Care Act and Pediatric Trauma Patient Insurance Coverage.

Introduction: Uninsured pediatric trauma patients are at increased risk of poor outcomes. The impact of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) on pediatric trauma patients has not been studied. We hypothesized that the expansion of Medicaid coverage under the ACA was associated with increased insurance coverage and improved outcomes.

The hidden mortality of pediatric firearm violence.

Introduction: Firearms and motor vehicle collisions (MVC) are leading causes of mortality in children. We hypothesized that firearm injuries would have a higher mortality than MVCs in children and a higher level of resource utilization METHODS: Trauma patients <18 years old at a Level 1 pediatric trauma center sustaining gunshot wounds (GSW) or MVCs 2009-2019 were included. The primary outcome was mortality.

Factors Associated With General Surgery Residents' Operative Experience During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Importance: The suspension of elective operations in March 2020 to prepare for the COVID-19 surge posed significant challenges to resident education. To mitigate the potential negative effects of COVID-19 on surgical education, it is important to quantify how the pandemic influenced resident operative volume.

Objective: To examine the association of the pandemic with general surgical residents' operative experience by postgraduate year (PGY) and case type and to evaluate if certain institutional characteristics were associated with a greater decline in surgical volume.

Successful extracorporeal life support in a pediatric trauma patient following angioembolization of pelvic hemorrhage.

Extracorporeal Life Support (ECLS) is rarely used in pediatric trauma patients due to bleeding risk, and the use of ECLS following angioembolization of traumatic hemorrhage has never been reported in a child. We report a case of a 10-year-old boy run over by a parade float resulting in severe thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic trauma, with hemorrhage from pelvic fractures requiring massive transfusion. Due to ongoing blood product requirements and contrast extravasation near the symphysis pubis, angioembolization of the internal iliac arteries was performed.

Child-rearing During Postgraduate Medical Training and Its Relation to Stress and Burnout: Results From a Single-institution Multispecialty Survey.

Introduction: Child-rearing is difficult for medical trainees, but much of the available evidence is limited to individual specialties or lacks an analysis of well-being. In light of this, we sought to examine current perspectives across a wide range of medical specialties, determine associations with stress and burnout, and identify potential supportive solutions.

Methods: After Institutional Review Board approval, a voluntary and anonymous survey was sent to all residents and fellows at a large academic medical center with a U.

Firearm injuries in children: a missed opportunity for firearm safety education.

Background: Surgeons frequently care for children who have sustained gunshot wounds (GSWs). However, firearm safety education is not a focus in general surgery training. We hypothesised that firearm safety discussions do not routinely take place when children present to a trauma centre with a GSW.

A multi-institutional study assessing general surgery faculty teaching evaluations.

Background: Resident evaluation of faculty teaching is an important metric in general surgery training, however considerable variability in faculty teaching evaluation (FE) instruments exists.

Study Design: Twenty-two general surgery programs provided their FE and program demographics. Three clinical education experts performed blinded assessment of FEs, assessing adherence 2018 ACGME common program standards and if the FE was meaningful.

Does Intentional Support of Degree Programs in General Surgery Residency Affect Research Productivity or Pursuit of Academic Surgery? A Multi-Institutional Study.

Objective: To determine whether pursuit of an advanced degree during dedicated research time (DRT) in a general surgery residency training program impacts a resident's research productivity.

Design: A retrospective, multi-institutional cohort study.

Setting: General surgery residency programs that were approved to graduate more than 5 categorical residents per year and that offered at least 1 year of DRT were contacted for participation in the study.

Hate to Burst Your Balloon: Successful REBOA Use Takes More Than a Course.

Background: Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is emerging as a viable intervention for hemorrhagic shock. Training surgeons to place the device is only part of the process. We hypothesize that implementation challenges extend beyond surgical skills training and initial REBOA use should not be expected to mirror published success.

Use of Statewide Administrative Data to Assess Clinical Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Therapeutic Anticoagulation for Isolated Calf Vein Thrombosis.

Background: Single-center comparative effectiveness studies evaluating outcomes that can occur posthospitalization may become biased if outcomes diagnosed at other facilities are not ascertained. Administrative datasets that link patients' records across facilities may improve outcome ascertainment.

Objective: To determine whether use of linked administrative data significantly augments thromboembolic outcome ascertainment.

Influence of Student Loan Debt on General Surgery Resident Career and Lifestyle Decision-Making.

Background: The average medical school debt in 2011 was $170,000, and by 2017 it increased to $190,000. High debt burden has been shown to affect career choices for residents in primary care specialties; however, it has not been well studied among surgical residents. The purpose of this multi-institutional study was to assess the amount of debt among general surgery residents and its effects on their career and lifestyle decisions.

Antimotility agents for the treatment of acute noninfectious diarrhea in critically ill patients: A practice management guideline from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma.

Background: Acute noninfectious diarrhea is a common phenomenon in intensive care unit patients. Multiple treatments are suggested but the most effective management is unknown. A working group of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma, aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of loperamide, diphenoxylate/atropine, and elemental diet on acute noninfectious diarrhea in critically ill adults and to develop recommendations applicable to daily clinical practice.

Career Goals, Salary Expectations, and Salary Negotiation Among Male and Female General Surgery Residents.

Importance: In general surgery, women earn less money and hold fewer leadership positions compared with their male counterparts.

Objective: To assess whether differences exist between the perspectives of male and female general surgery residents on future career goals, salary expectations, and salary negotiation that may contribute to disparity later in their careers.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This study was based on an anonymous and voluntary survey sent to 19 US general surgery programs.

Factors associated with general surgery residents' decisions regarding fellowship and subspecialty stratified by burnout and quality of life.

Background: Although most surgery residents pursue fellowships, data regarding those decisions are limited. This study describes associations with interest in fellowship and specific subspecialties.

Methods: Anonymous surveys were distributed to 607 surgery residents at 19 US programs.

Timing of Surgery and Internal Medicine Clerkships and Surgery Shelf Examination Scores.

Background: Many medical students believe that third-year clerkship rotation sequence affects their success. We hypothesized that students who completed the internal medicine clerkship before the surgery clerkship received higher surgery shelf examination scores compared with the students who did not.

Materials And Methods: Deidentified academic data including preclinical data and National Board of Medical Examiners shelf examination scores for surgery for all third-year medical students at a single institution from 2012 to 2017 were analyzed.

Promotility agents for the treatment of ileus in adult surgical patients: A practice management guideline from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma.

Background: Ileus is a common challenge in adult surgical patients with estimated incidence to be 17% to 80%. The main mechanisms of the postoperative ileus pathophysiology are fluid overload, exogenous opioids, neurohormonal dysfunction, gastrointestinal stretch, and inflammation. Management includes addressing the underlying cause and supportive care.

Guidelines for a system-wide multidisciplinary approach to institutional resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta implementation.

Resuscitative endovascular occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is a rapidly evolving technology which requires careful system-wide multidisciplinary implementation for optimal success. These guidelines developed by experienced REBOA practitioners provide a framework for a key practitioner to use in the development of a REBOA program in their institution. They detail the importance of involving doctors, nurses, and staff across departments and disciplines in the application of this technique.