Epstein-Barr Viral Load is Associated to Response in AIDS-Related Lymphomas.

AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) development is associated to immunodeficiency state with proliferation of B-cells driven by HIV itself and EBV infection. However, Epstein-Barr DNA is not detected in malignant cells of all ARL subtypes. A prospective and controlled study to analyze EBV viral load (VL) in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of ARL patients was performed to analyze if Epstein-Barr VL could be related to response in these patients.

Local control of human papillomavirus infection after anal condylomata acuminata eradication.

Objective: To verify whether the eradication of anal condylomata acuminata was effective for local control of HPV infection using anal colposcopy and anal brush cytology.

Methods: We evaluated 147 patients treated for anal margin and/or anal canal condyloma, with 108 HIV-positive and 39 HIV-negative individuals. The average age for males was 40 years for HIV-positive and 27.

Evaluation of Langerhans cells counts comparing HIV-positive and negative anal squamous cell-carcinoma patients.

Purpose: To investigate the differences in Langerhans cells (LCs) populations between HIV-positive and negative anal squamous cell carcinomas patients.

Methods: Twenty five patients (14 HIV-positive and 11 HIV-negative) were evaluated. Paraffin-block transversal thin sections from biopsies of anal squamous cell carcinomas (ASCC) were stained using the anti-CD1A antibody that identifies activated LCs.

FOXP3(+) regulatory and TIA-1(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes in HIV-associated Hodgkin lymphoma.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects CD4(+) lymphocytes, leading to a development of malignant lymphomas, such as HIV-associated Hodgkin Lymphoma (HIV-HL). This study aimed to assess the differences in cellular composition of the inflammatory reactive background of HIV-HLs. We examined infiltrating T lymphocytes, specifically regulatory T cells, cytotoxic cells, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) related antigens and HIV-receptor CCR5.

[How far into the anal canal should the brush be introduced for more efficient cytological evaluation?].

Objective: In literature, sensitivity of Pap smears ranges widely from 45 to 98%. Possibly this is because there is no standard for how far the brush should be introduced into the anal canal. The aim was to evaluate whether the sampling site has an influence on the results of anal Pap smears.

A prognostic score for AIDS-related diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Brazil.

The aim of this study was to evaluate a prognostic score for aids-related lymphoma (ARL). A retrospective study of 104 patients with ARL treated between January 1999 and December 2007 was conducted. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBC) was the most observed histological type (79.

[Outcome of treatment of anal squamous cell carcinoma and its precursor in HIV-infected patients].

Objective: Incidence of anal squamous cell carcinoma is increasing mainly among HIV-positive patients. Treatment consists of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, sometimes followed by tumor resection. The objective was to evaluate the follow-up of such patients to verify recurrences and evolution from HAIN to cancer.

[Anal cytology for screening of pre-neoplasic lesions].

Background: High grade intra-epithelial neoplasias (HAIN) are probable precursors of anal carcinoma, with association to high-risk types of Human Papillomavirus (HPV). This progression could be related to severity of the dysplasia and, albeit not yet confirmed, treatment of these lesions would prevent the evolution to cancer. Standardization and improvement of screening methods should therefore be essential to treat or prevent precursor lesions, mainly in patients at risk such as seropositives to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

Hodgkin lymphoma among patients infected with HIV in post-HAART era.

Background: Hodgkin lymphoma is considered a common type of non-AIDS defining tumor among patients infected with HIV, commonly presenting as a widespread disease and with different pathologic features compared with Hodgkin lymphoma in the general population. Despite that, the best treatment option is undefined.

Patients And Methods: The authors present a retrospective study of 31 patients with Hodgkin lymphoma-HIV attended at 3 Brazilian centers, 2 of them considered reference centers for HIV treatment.

P-glycoprotein expression in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of human immunodeficiency virus infected patients.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a challenge in cancer treatment. One of the most studied mechanisms is P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which acts as a drug efflux pump, with decreased intracellular accumulation of drugs. It still needs to be clarified whether P-gp expression has a significant impact on non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treatment response, but a poor outcome has been reported in patients with positive P-gp expression.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: the experience of a single center in Brazil.

The relative risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is elevated compared with the general population. We describe a retrospective study of 78 HIV-infected patients with NHL treated between 1999 and 2006 at the Infectology Institute, a reference center for HIV treatment in São Paulo, Brazil. All patients were treated with standard CHOP therapy (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone).

Bone marrow biopsy in the diagnoses of infectious and non-infectious causes in patients with advanced HIV infection.

Aims: Fever and peripheral blood abnormalities in patients with advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are usually due to disseminated opportunistic infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield of histopathological and microbiological investigations of bone marrow samples from HIV-infected patients with fever and/or cytopenias.

Methods And Results: The diagnostic utility of bone marrow aspiration, biopsy and culture was retrospectively examined in 82 patients with HIV/AIDS (median CD4 count 51 microL(-1), range 1-430 microL(-1)) with peripheral cytopenias and/or fever attended at a large tertiary care hospital in Brazil during a one-year period.

[Human papillomavirus oncogenicity and grade of anal intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV positive patients].

Objective: We decided to evaluate if grade of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) was associated to the HPV type in HIV positive patients, since this group of patients has immunodeficiency over long periods. We identified HPV types by PCR (polimerase chain reaction) and histological examination to determine the AIN grade in 39 HIV positive males with anal condylomata acuminata.

Results: We observed high grade AIN (HAIN) in 9 (23.

Bone marrow pathology in AIDS.

Bone marrow morphology is frequently abnormal in patients with AIDS. In this study, we reviewed 97 bone marrow biopsies of AIDS patients performed between 1998 and 2000 in the Emílio Ribas Institute of Infectology, which is the reference department for HIV. Specific diagnoses were performed in 33 cases.

Effects of long-term administration of Senna occidentalis seeds in the large bowel of rats.

Plants of the genus Senna that contain anthranoides derivatives are frequently used as cathartics. Radiological studies have demonstrated that patients with chronic constipation who have used stimulant laxative have colonic redundancy and dilatation more frequently than patients who have not. The objective of the present work was to study morphological and histochemical changes of the lower gut after administration of Senna occidentalis seeds for a long period to rats, as observed in skeletal muscle fibers.

Dejerine-Sottas disease: a case report.

Context: Hereditary peripheral neuropathies (hereditary motor-sensory neuropathies or hereditary demyelinating neuropathies) are abnormalities of Schwann cells and their myelin sheaths, with peripheral nerve dysfunction. They include Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Dejerine-Sottas disease, congenital hypomyelinating neuropathy and hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy.

Objective: The objective of the present work was to describe a case of Dejerine-Sottas disease.

Postoperative follow-up of anal condylomata acuminata in HIV-positive patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the postoperative follow-up of HIV-positive patients with anal condylomata acuminata, associating recurrence to the AIDS status.

Methods: Ninety-seven male, homosexual patients with anal condylomata were submitted to surgical treatment from August 1992 to December 1997. Specimens were obtained for histologic investigation of Ki-67 cell proliferation marker and for polymerase chain reaction to define the human papillomavirus type.

Herpes simplex type 2 pneumonia.

Extensive reviews of pulmonary infections in AIDS have reported few herpetic infections. Generally these infections are due to Herpes simplex type 1. Pneumonia due to herpes type 2 is extremely rare.