Intratesticular versus intraperitoneal Busulfan administration: a comparative study on spermatogenesis suppression in quails and chickens.

Generation of transgenic birds can be achieved by temporal suppression of endogenous spermatogenesis in males prior to primordial germ cell implantation. One of many established methods to induce male sterility is the intraperitoneal injection of busulfan, an alkylating agent. Nevertheless, the use of busulfan injections, which may also affect hematopoietic stem cells, carries the risk of potential lethality in animals.

Utilizing genetic code expansion to modify N-TIMP2 specificity towards MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-14.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) regulate the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in biological processes. MMP activity is controlled by natural tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) that non-selectively inhibit the function of multiple MMPs via interaction with the MMPs' Zn-containing catalytic pocket. Recent studies suggest that TIMPs engineered to confer MMP specificity could be exploited for therapeutic purposes, but obtaining specific TIMP-2 inhibitors has proved to be challenging.

Utilizing genetic code expansion to modify N-TIMP2 specificity towards MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-14.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) regulate the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in biological processes. MMP activity is controlled by natural tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) that non-selectively inhibit the function of multiple MMPs via interaction with the MMPs' Zn -containing catalytic pocket. Recent studies suggest that TIMPs engineered to confer MMP specificity could be exploited for therapeutic purposes, but obtaining specific TIMP-2 inhibitors has proved to be challenging.

Managing an evolving pandemic: Cryptic circulation of the Delta variant during the Omicron rise.

SARS-CoV-2 continued circulation results in mutations and the emergence of various variants. Until now, whenever a new, dominant, variant appeared, it overpowered its predecessor after a short parallel period. The latest variant of concern, Omicron, is spreading swiftly around the world with record morbidity reports.

Regressing SARS-CoV-2 Sewage Measurements Onto COVID-19 Burden in the Population: A Proof-of-Concept for Quantitative Environmental Surveillance.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an RNA virus, a member of the coronavirus family of respiratory viruses that includes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). It has had an acute and dramatic impact on health care systems, economies, and societies of affected countries during the past 8 months. Widespread testing and tracing efforts are being employed in many countries in attempts to contain and mitigate this pandemic.

RT-qPCR assays for SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in wastewater reveals compromised vaccination-induced immunity.

SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, demonstrating higher infection rate and lower vaccine effectiveness as compared with the original virus, are important factors propelling the ongoing COVID-19 global outbreak. Therefore, prompt identification of these variants in the environment is essential for pandemic assessment and containment efforts. One well established tool for such viral monitoring is the use of wastewater systems.

Direct RT-qPCR assay for SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (Alpha, B.1.1.7 and Beta, B.1.351) detection and quantification in wastewater.

Less than a year following the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak, variants of concern have emerged in the form of variant Alpha (B.1.1.

An inside look at a biofilm: flagella biotracking.

The opportunistic pathogen, , a flagellated bacterium, is one of the top model organisms for biofilm studies. To elucidate the location of bacterial flagella throughout the biofilm life cycle, we developed a new flagella biotracking tool. Bacterial flagella were site-specifically labeled via genetic code expansion.

Genetic Code Expansion of .

has been considered as the most used model bacteria in the majority of studies for several decades. However, a new, faster chassis for synthetic biology is emerging in the form of the fast-growing gram-negative bacterium . Different methodologies, well established in , are currently being adapted for in the hope to enable a much faster platform for general molecular biology studies.

Simplified methodology for a modular and genetically expanded protein synthesis in cell-free systems.

Genetic code expansion, which enables the site-specific incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins, has emerged as a new and powerful tool for protein engineering. Currently, it is mainly utilized inside living cells for a myriad of applications. However, the utilization of this technology in a cell-free, reconstituted platform has several advantages over living systems.

Cellular localization of cytochrome bd in cyanobacteria using genetic code expansion.

Photosynthesis is one of the most fundamental and complex mechanisms in nature. It is a well-studied process, however, some photosynthetic mechanisms are yet to be deciphered. One of the many proteins that take part in photosynthesis, cytochrome bd, is a terminal oxidase protein that plays a role both in photosynthesis and in respiration in various organisms, specifically, in cyanobacteria.

Context effects of genetic code expansion by stop codon suppression.

Genetic code expansion enables the incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins thereby augmenting their physical and chemical properties. This is achieved by the reassignment of codons from their original sense to incorporate unnatural amino acids. The most commonly used methodology is stop codon suppression, which has resulted in numerous successful studies and applications in recent years.

Genetically expanded cell-free protein synthesis using endogenous pyrrolysyl orthogonal translation system.

Cell-free protein synthesis offers a facile and rapid method for synthesizing, monitoring, analyzing, and purifying proteins from a DNA template. At the same time, genetic code expansion methods are gaining attention due to their ability to site-specifically incorporate unnatural amino acids (UAAs) into proteins via ribosomal translation. These systems are based on the exogenous addition of an orthogonal translation system (OTS), comprising an orthogonal tRNA, and orthogonal aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (aaRS), to the cell-free reaction mixture.