Multidimensional assessment of voice quality after injection augmentation of the vocal fold with autologous adipose tissue or calcium hydroxylapatite.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate short- and long-term outcome of injection augmentation with autologous adipose tissue (AAT) and calcium hydroxylapatite injection (CAHA) in patients with a unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP).

Design/methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed in patients diagnosed with UVFP, who had received injection augmentation with AAT or CAHA. Multidimensional voice analysis was performed before, 3 and 12 months after injection.

Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Clostridium difficile Infection Among Hospitalized Children in the Netherlands.

Background: Little is known about pediatric Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) epidemiology. We describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of CDI among hospitalized children in the Netherlands.

Methods: Between May 2009 and May 2015, 26 hospitals registered characteristics of pediatric (aged 2-18 years) and adult (aged 18 years) CDI in a national sentinel surveillance study.