Divergent changes of flow through individual blood vessels upon localized heating.

The changes of microregional perfusion in a hamster cheek pouch membrane were investigated. The vessel network of the membrane was visualized by preparing a transparent chamber, which was heated with circulating water at 42 degree C. Blood perfusion was monitored by using a laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF), which was used either in a conventional way by positioning the probe stationary or in a novel way by constantly moving the probe over the surface of the chamber (scanning).

Combined antitumor effect of suramin plus irradiation in human prostate cancer cells: the role of apoptosis.

Suramin has recently surfaced as a potential antineoplastic agent on the basis of its ability to exert a cytostatic effect on human prostate carcinoma cells. Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has long been known as an alternative medical therapeutic approach, but the molecular mechanism involved in radiation-induced toxicity in prostatic tumors is poorly defined. In these studies, the antitumor effect of suramin and irradiation, either as individual treatments or in combination, was investigated in human prostate cancer cells.

Long-term persistence of sterile immunity in a volunteer immunized with X-irradiated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites.

Three volunteers were immunized by repeated exposure to the bites of Plasmodium falciparum-infected, X-irradiated mosquitoes to characterize immunologic responses and duration of protective immunity. A primary series of immunizations had been shown previously to induce sterile immunity in these volunteers against sporozoite-induced P. falciparum malaria.

The effects of carbocisplatin and radiation on skin flap survival.

Carbocisplatin is used as an inductive chemotherapeutic agent prior to irradiation in the treatment of head and neck cancers. Controversy exists whether carbocisplatin sensitizes normal epithelial tissues, including skin, to radiation. The combined effect of radiation and carbocisplatin on the survival of skin flaps was studied in an experimental model using dorsal flaps in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Successful immunization of humans with irradiated malaria sporozoites: humoral and cellular responses of the protected individuals.

Two groups of volunteers were vaccinated by repeated exposure to the bites of Plasmodium falciparum-infected, x-irradiated mosquitoes in order to characterize the humoral and cellular immune responses of sporozoite-immunized, protected individuals. One of the two volunteers in the first immunization trial, when challenged by the bite of P. falciparum-infected mosquitoes, developed an infection only after a prolonged prepatent period.

Potentiation of chemotherapy by low-level ultrasound.

We have performed in vitro and in vivo tests to determine whether ultrasound (US) at levels lower than previously investigated by others could still potentiate chemotherapeutic cell killing. Positive results were obtained with adriamycin and diaziquone. Two types of low-level US were effective: tone-burst US (10% duty cycle, 1.

A differential low pH effect on tumour cells grown in vivo and in vitro when treated with hyperthermia.

The effectiveness of low extracellular pH in sensitizing cells to heat was studied using SCK mammary carcinoma cells of A/J mice. Solid tumours of 400-600 mg or cells grown in vitro for less than 13 weeks were dispersed to single cells and the in vivo- or in vitro-derived cells were suspended in a medium of pH 7.2 or 5.

Heat-sensitive state of mouse mammary carcinoma cells in tumors.

The heat response of the SCK mammary carcinoma of A/J mice was studied in vivo and in vitro. Solid tumors or tumor cells in culture were heated in a water bath and cell survival was determined by clonogenicity in vitro. Cells in tumors were much more sensitive to heat than cells in culture.

Spontaneous, nontraumatic gangrene due to Clostridium septicum.

Clostridium septicum is a major cause of spontaneous, nontraumatic gas gangrene. Unlike Clostridium perfringens, C. septicum is relatively aerotolerant and thus appears to be more capable of initiating infection in the absence of obvious damage to tissues.

Hyperthermia of mouse lungs: technique and control of critical parameters.

A microwave heating technique which combines essential life support, monitoring and heating systems has been developed, and is in use for the investigation of pathophysiological responses of the murine lung to hyperthermia alone and in combination with other therapeutic modalities. The technique enables heating of most of the lung volume to within 1 to 1.5 degrees C of the target temperature.

The use of swine in brain interstitial radiation studies.

Swine offer an excellent, but previously unused, model for brain interstitial ionizing and non-ionizing radiation research. Significant advantages include size, cost, maneuverability, availability and conditioning. The methodology and some experimental results from studies of the effects of interstitial microwave hyperthermia and iridium-192 irradiation are presented.

Granulocytic sarcoma treated as an acute leukemia. Report of a case.

A young man presented with intestinal obstruction. Laparotomy revealed a large mass encircling the cecum and terminal ileum which histologically proved to be a granulocytic sarcoma. No evidence of leukemia was present in peripheral blood or bone marrow.

Effects of pindolol and methyldopa on blood pressure and plasma norepinephrine.

Thirty patients with essential hypertension (supine diastolic blood pressure 100 to 115 mm Hg) were treated in a randomized, double-blind study with either pindolol (mean dose 28 +/- 5 mg twice a day) or methyldopa (673 +/- 158 mg three times a day) for 12 weeks after a 3-week, single-blind placebo period. In 17 pindolol-treated patients mean supine blood pressure was 163 +/- 3/106 +/- 1 during the placebo period and 155 +/- 3/99 +/- 2 mm Hg (p less than 0.01) during the high-dose period.

Effect of hyperthermia, radiation and adriamycin combinations on tumor vascular function.

Pathophysiologic studies of tumor vascular responses to hyperthermia, radiation or adriamycin given alone or in specific combinations have been made in the cervical carcinoma grown in the transparent cheek pouch chamber of the Syrian hamster. A specially designed chamber containing a compartment for flowing water enabled controlled heating of the tumor and pouch to within 0.2 degrees C; the desired temperatures were achieved within one minute.

Alterations in tumor microvasculature during hyperthermia.

The pattern of response of tumor microvasculature to heating at 41 degrees C, 43 degrees C, and 45 degrees C for 30 minutes was studied in squamous cell carcinoma grown in the cheek pouch chamber of the hamster. At each temperature, the immediate response was a prominent reduction in vascular caliber. This was followed by a return to preheating caliber at 41 degrees C, vasodilatation at 43 degrees C, and vasodilatation in some tumors at 45 degrees C.