Optimal timing of repeat thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the optimal interval between repeat thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies in children and adolescents and to evaluate whether this has any impact on the final pathological diagnosis.

Methods: The sample of this retrospective single-center study consisted of 99 patients who had thyroid nodules and underwent thyroid ultrasonography (USG) and FNA biopsy between 2013 and 2023. The interval between FNA biopsies as well as biopsy and surgical cytology results were recorded for each patient.

Evaluation of the Relationship Between Thyroid Hormone Levels and Bisphenol A in Children Aged 6-14 Years.

Background: The incidence of hypothyroidism in childhood is increasing. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of exposure to bisphenol A, an environmental endocrine disruptor, and its substitutes in the development of hypothyroidism. To this end, thyroid hormone levels and urinary bisphenol concentrations were compared in newly diagnosed hypothyroid children and a healthy control group.

Psychosocial Development, Sexuality and Quality of Life in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Exposure of the developing brain to androgens during fetal life is known to affect sexual development, including postnatal sex and sexual orientation. However, these relationships are both multifactorial and unpredictable. It is generally assumed that congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) has greater effects in women than in men due to non-physiological adrenal androgen excess.

Long-term Impact of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Assistance on Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Following the 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) assistance on glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in earthquake-affected regions, comparing those who benefited from CGM with those who did not. Additionally, the study assessed changes in CGM metrics over nine months of CGM use.

Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted across 11 centers in Türkiye.

Decreased Social Functioning and Increased Perception of Stress in Adolescents with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding.

Objective: There is a relative lack of research on the association of mental health problems and menstrual-related concerns in adolescents. The objective of the current study was to compare anxiety, depression, quality of life, and perceived stress between adolescents with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and control patients.

Study Design: We performed a cross-sectional study in which participants were recruited from a tertiary training and research hospital.

Is there a relationship between hyperchloremia status and the risk of developing acute kidney injury in pediatric patients with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with profound hypovolemia and reduced renal perfusion. Results regarding hyperchloremia-associated AKI in patients with DKA are conflicting; we therefore investigated the potential relationship between hyperchloremia status and the risk of developing AKI.

Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of MODY Cases, Genetic Mutation Spectrum and Phenotype-genotype Relationship.

Objective: Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) occurs due to mutations in genes involved in pancreatic beta cell function and insulin secretion, has heterogeneous clinical and laboratory features, and account for 1-5% of all diabetes cases. The prevalence and distribution of MODY subtypes vary between countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory characteristics, mutation distribution, and phenotype-genotype relationship in a large case series of pediatric Turkish patients genetically diagnosed with MODY.

The Relationship Between Hypothyroidism and Cardiac Findings in Children With and Without Down Syndrome.

Objective: Down syndrome is a genetic syndrome characterized with various dysmorphisms and congenital malformations such as congenital heart diseases. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between Down syndrome, hypothyroidism, and cardiac ���ndings.

Methods: Thyroid hormone pro���les and echocardiographic ���ndings were evaluated.

DLG2 Mutations in the Etiology of Pubertal Delay and Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism.

Introduction: Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) is caused by dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. DLG2 was recently implicated as a gene associated with delayed puberty and which may also contribute to IHH. The confirmation of the candidate puberty genes in independent IHH cohorts has become crucial due to the lack of proper genotype-phenotype segregations in reported pedigrees.

Investigation of the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in obese patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome in childhood and examination of left ventricular function by echocardiography.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate the cardiovascular risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is increasingly becoming prevalent in childhood obesity.

Methods: A total of 113 patients, 76 of whom were between the ages of 10 and 17 (mean age: 14.5 ± 1.

Evaluation of the relationship between the one-hour plasma glucose concentration and beta-cell functions and cardiometabolic parameters during oral glucose tolerance test in obese children and adolescents.

Background In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the 1-h plasma glucose (PG) level in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and conventional glycemic parameters, indices evaluating beta-cell functions, and cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods The records of 532 obese patients who were followed up in the Pediatric Endocrinology Polyclinic and who underwent standard OGTT were evaluated retrospectively. All patients were divided into two groups according to OGTT data as the 1-h plasma glucose concentration <155 mg/dL (n=329) and ≥155 mg/dL (n=203).

Mutations Within the Transcription Factor in a Cohort of Turkish Patients with Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency.

Objective: Mutations of the genes encoding transcription factors which play important roles in pituitary morphogenesis, differentiation and maturation may lead to combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD). gene mutations are reported as the most frequent genetic aetiology of CHPD. The aim of this study was to describe the phenotypes of Turkish CPHD patients and define the frequency of mutations.

The Effects of Risk Behaviors and Orthorexic Behavior on Glycemic Control in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: Adolescents with chronic disease are as likely to exhibit risk-taking behavior as their peers. The aim was to investigate the risk behaviors of adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and the effect of orthorexic eating behaviors (OEB) on glycemic control (GC).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 107 adolescents with T1D, aged between 13-18 years and attending high school.

A Duplication Upstream of SOX9 Associated with Negative 46,XX Ovotesticular Disorder of Sex Development: A Case Report.

The 46,XX ovotesticular disorder of sex development (DSD) is rarely observed in humans. This disorder is generally described as ambiguous genitalia with the presence of ovarian and testicular tissues in different gonads or in the same gonad. Almost no subjects with 46,XX ovotesticular DSD have sex-determining region of the Y chromosome (SRY) gene.

The Significance of Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis and Ischemia-modified Albumin Levels in Assessing Oxidative Stress in Obese Children and Adolescents.

Objective: There is an association between obesity and several inflammatory and oxidative markers in children. In this study, we analyzed thiol/disulfide homeostasis and serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels for the first time in order to clarify and determine the oxidant/antioxidant balance in metabolically healthy and unhealthy children.

Methods: This study included obese children and healthy volunteers between 4-18 years of age.

Evaluation of the relationship between short-term glycemic control and netrin-1, a urinary proximal tubular injury marker in children with type 1 diabetes.

Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Microalbuminuria (MA) is generally considered as the earliest manifestation of DN. However, it has been shown that MA may be temporary and not reflect permanent renal failure.

Subclinical Myocardial Dysfunction Demonstrated by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Children with Euthyroid Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis.

Objective: Thyroid hormones have an important role in the regulation of the cardiovascular system. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in children with euthyroid Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (eHT) without evident heart disease using tissue doppler imaging (TDI) and speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) methods.

Methods: TDI and STE were peformed in 50 children with eHT and in 35 healthy children.

A Rare Etiology of 46,XY Disorder of Sex Development and Adrenal Insufficiency: A Case of MIRAGE Syndrome Caused by Mutations in the Gene.

Adrenal hypoplasia is a rare congenital disorder. In spite of biochemical and molecular genetic evaluation, etiology in many patients with adrenal hypoplasia is not clear. MIRAGE syndrome is a recently recognized congenital disorder characterized by myelodysplasia, infection, growth restriction, adrenal hypoplasia, genital phenotypes, and enteropathy.

Catecholamine-induced Myocarditis in a Child with Pheochromocytoma.

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors. The clinical presentation of pediatric PPGLs is highly variable. In cases with pheochromocytoma (PCC), excess catecholamine may stimulate myocytes and cause structural changes, leading to life-threatening complications ranging from stress cardiomyopathy (CM) to dilated CM.