Mortality associated with cemented and uncemented fixation of hemiarthroplasty and total hip replacement in the surgical management of intracapsular hip fractures: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The use of bone cement for implant fixation in the surgical management of intracapsular hip fractures (IHFs) remains controversial. Although UK national guidance supports cementation, many surgeons remain cautious of its use. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate evidence surrounding post-operative mortality associated with cemented and uncemented total hip replacement and hemiarthroplasty implants.

Ten years of the neonatal respiratory extracorporeal membrane oxygenation program in an Argentinian public hospital.

Introduction: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a highly invasive rescue treatment for critically-ill patients. The objective of the study was to show the outcomes of patients treated with ECMO in the neonatal intensive care unit of Hospital de Pediatria Juan P. Garrahan in the first 10 years of the program, and to analyze the risk factors associated with mortality on ECMO.

An Evaluation of Guideline Concordance in the Management of Intra-Abdominal Infections.

Optimal treatment of intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) is multifaceted, typically requiring surgical intervention and antimicrobial therapy. Treatment of IAIs aligned with the 2017 revised Surgical Infection Society (SIS) guidelines may improve patient outcomes. Here we compare clinical outcomes of patients who received guideline concordant and discordant therapy for treatment of IAIs.

Patient Safety Incidents Caused by Poor Quality Surgical Instruments.

Objectives: Surgeons require high-quality surgical instruments to carry out successful procedures. Poor quality instruments may break intraoperatively leading to a failed procedure or causing harm to the patient. By examining the National Reporting and Learning Service (NRLS) database, the study aims to define the scale of the problem and provide evidence for the formation of surgical instrument quality control.

Surgical Skills Workshops Should Be a Part of the United Kingdom Undergraduate Medical Curriculum.

Introduction:  Medical students across the United Kingdom (UK) report poor satisfaction with surgical teaching. The Surgical Skills Day (SSD) begins to address this by exposing medical students to surgery through an easily accessible one-day practical workshop. This study shows how the SSD encourages undergraduate engagement in surgery.

[Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO): experience in a neonatal intensive care unit].

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO), a poorly developed resource in Argentina, is a highly invasive rescue therapy, for critically ill patients with severe respiratory failure with or without associated cardiovascular failure and mortality probability near to 80%. This article reports the experience obtained with first patients treated with ECMO in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Hospital Garrahan at Buenos Aires. From April 2008 to January 2012, 17 patients were treated with veno-arterial ECMO.

Risk factors for cytomegalovirus viremia and disease developing after prophylaxis in high-risk solid-organ transplant recipients.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) D+/R- solid-organ transplant (SOT) recipients carry increased risk of developing CMV disease; however, other risk factors in these patients have not been delineated.

Methods: We examined 20 demographic and clinical variables for their association with the development of CMV disease, as defined by an independent endpoint committee (IEC) and also by the investigator (investigator treated [IT]), or CMV viremia within 12 months of transplant in D+/R- transplant recipients who received prophylaxis with valganciclovir or oral ganciclovir for 100 days.

Results: Recipients with low creatinine clearance (Ccr,<40 mL/min) at screening had a significantly increased hazard of developing IEC-defined CMV disease (hazards ratio [HR]=4.

Absence of cytomegalovirus-resistance mutations after valganciclovir prophylaxis, in a prospective multicenter study of solid-organ transplant recipients.

We investigated the emergence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) ganciclovir-resistance mutations in 301 high-risk solid-organ transplant (SOT) recipients after oral prophylaxis, for 100 days, with either valganciclovir or ganciclovir. For patients treated with ganciclovir, the incidence of CMV UL97 mutations was 1.9% (2/103) at the end of prophylaxis and 6.

Clinical utility of cytomegalovirus viral load testing for predicting CMV disease in D+/R- solid organ transplant recipients.

Despite prophylaxis, cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is common in donor seropositive (D+)/recipient seronegative (R-) transplant patients after cessation of prophylaxis. Early detection of CMV may allow for pre-emptive therapy to prevent active disease. The clinical utility of quantitative plasma viral load measurements for predicting CMV disease was determined in 364 D+/R- organ transplant patients receiving prophylaxis (100 d of valganciclovir or oral ganciclovir).

Efficacy and safety of valganciclovir vs. oral ganciclovir for prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients.

We compared the efficacy and safety of valganciclovir with those of oral ganciclovir in preventing cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in high-risk seronegative solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients of organs from seropositive donors (D+/R-). In this randomised, prospective, double-blind, double-dummy study, 364 CMV D+/R- patients received valganciclovir 900 mg once daily or oral ganciclovir 1000 mg three times a day (tid) within 10 days of transplant and continued through 100 days. CMV disease, plasma viremia, acute graft rejection, graft loss and safety were analyzed up to 6 and 12 months post-transplant.