Position paper on postgraduate medical education on the occasion of hospital reform - postgraduate medical education must be considered. A joint position paper by Bündnis Junge Ärztinnen und Ärzte and AG Junge Gastroenterologie of the DGVS as well as the Young DGN.

The Bündnis Junger Ärztinnen und Ärzte (BJÄ, Alliance of Young Physicians in Germany) has presented a position paper (PP) on Postgraduate Medical Education (PGME) against the background of an unfolding hospital reform in Germany, and they describe existing deficits of PGME in Germany. Based on this, demands were made of legislators, employers and medical associations which could result in a sweeping reformation of PGME. Hospital reforms can only be accomplished with well trained and motivated physicians.

The WFME global standards for quality improvement of postgraduate medical education: Which standards are also applicable in Germany? Recommendations for physicians with a license for postgraduate training and training agents.

In Germany, the (model) regulation for postgraduate medical education 2018, the professional codes of conduct of the regional medical councils and the health professions chamber laws of the federal states are the formal basis of postgraduate medical education, but say little about its structure, processes and results. The World Federation for Medical Education (WFME) has developed global standards for improving the quality of postgraduate medical education and published them in a revised edition in 2015. A German version which takes the specifics of medical training in Germany into account has not been published to date.

Integrative medicine and health in undergraduate and postgraduate medical education.

Integrative Medicine and Health (IMH) is a theory-based paradigm shift for health, disease and health care, which can probably only be achieved by supplementing medical roles and competences. The definitions of the and the so-called are used. The basic features of evidence-based Integrative Medicine and Health (EB-IMH) are based on the recommendations on EBM by David L.

Will the Meikirch Model, a New Framework for Health, Induce a Paradigm Shift in Healthcare?

Over the past decades, scientific medicine has realized tremendous advances. Yet, it is felt that the quality, costs, and equity of medicine and public health have not improved correspondingly and, both inside and outside the USA, may even have changed for the worse. An initiative for improving this situation is value-based healthcare, in which value is defined as health outcomes relative to the cost of achieving them.

Applying a complex adaptive system's understanding of health to primary care.

This paper explores the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of a new concept of health. Investigations into the nature of health have led to a new definition that explains health as a complex adaptive system (CAS) and is based on five components (a-e). Humans like all biological creatures must satisfactorily respond to (a) the demands of life.

Understanding the nature of health: New perspectives for medicine and public health. Improved wellbeing at lower costs.

Background: Current dilemmas of health care systems call for a new look at the nature of health. This is offered by the Meikirch model. We explore its hypothetical benefit for the future of medicine and public health.

Jejunitis and brown bowel syndrome with multifocal carcinogenesis of the small bowel.

This is the first report describing a case where prolonged, severe malabsorption from brown bowel syndrome progressed to multifocally spread small bowel adenocarcinoma. This case involves a female patient who was initially diagnosed with chronic jejunitis associated with primary diffuse lymphangiectasia at the age of 26 years. The course of the disease was clinically, endoscopically, and histologically followed for 21 years until her death at the age 47 due to multifocal, metastasizing adenocarcinoma of the small bowel.

Excretion of urinary histamine and N-tele methylhistamine in patients with gastrointestinal food allergy compared to non-allergic controls during an unrestricted diet and a hypoallergenic diet.

Background: Patients with gastrointestinal food allergy are characterised by increased production of mast cell derived mediators upon allergen contact and present often with unspecific symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate urinary histamine and methylhistamine excretion in patients with food allergy and to compare their values with food-tolerant controls.

Methods: In a retrospective case control study the urinary excretion parameters were analysed from 56 patients (40.

Additive antitumour response to the rabbit VX2 hepatoma by combined radio frequency ablation and toll like receptor 9 stimulation.

Introduction: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), a palliative therapeutic option for solid hepatic tumours, stimulates localised and systemic antitumour cytotoxic T cells. We studied how far addition of CpG B oligonucleotides, toll like receptor (TLR) 9 agonists, would increase the antitumoural T cell response of RFA in the highly aggressive VX2 hepatoma.

Methods: Rabbits were randomised to receive RFA, CpG B, their combination or no therapy.

Clinical practice and self-awareness as determinants of empathy in undergraduate education: a qualitative short survey at three medical schools in Germany.

Study Aim: Physician empathy constitutes an outcome-relevant aim of medical education. Yet, the factors promoting and inhibiting physician empathy have not yet been extensively researched, especially in Germany. In this study, we explored German medical students' views of the factors promoting and inhibiting their empathy and how their experiences were related to their curricula.

Determinants of physician empathy during medical education: hypothetical conclusions from an exploratory qualitative survey of practicing physicians.

Background: Empathy is an outcome-relevant physician characteristic and thus a crucial component of high-quality communication in health care. However, the factors that promote and inhibit the development of empathy during medical education have not been extensively researched. Also, currently there is no explicit research on the perspective of practicing physicians on the subject.

Subjective and objective olfactory abnormalities in Crohn's disease.

The pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) is still unknown, but the involvement of the olfactory system in CD appears possible. No study to date has systematically assessed the olfactory function in CD patients. We investigated the olfactory function in CD patients in active (n = 31) and inactive disease (n = 27) and in a control group of age- and sex-matched healthy subjects (n = 35).

Challenges for medical educators: results of a survey among members of the German Association for Medical Education.

Background: Despite the increasing interest in medical education in the German-speaking countries, there is currently no information available on the challenges which medical educators face. To address this problem, we carried out a web-based survey among the members of the Association for Medical Education (Gesellschaft für medizinische Ausbildung, GMA).

Methods: A comprehensive survey was carried out on the need for further qualifications, expertise and the general conditions of medical educators in Germany.

The future of graduate medical education in Germany - position paper of the Committee on Graduate Medical Education of the Society for Medical Education (GMA).

The German graduate medical education system is going through an important phase of changes. Besides the ongoing reform of the national guidelines for graduate medical education (Musterweiterbildungsordnung), other factors like societal and demographic changes, health and research policy reforms also play a central role for the future and competitiveness of graduate medical education. With this position paper, the committee on graduate medical education of the Society for Medical Education (GMA) would like to point out some central questions for this process and support the current discourse.

Conventional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography vs the Olympus V-scope system.

Aim: To compare the new Olympus V-scope (VS) to conventional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP).

Methods: Forty-nine patients with previous endoscopic papillotomy who were admitted for interventional ERCP for one of several reasons were included in this single-centre, prospective randomized study. Consecutive patients were randomized to either the VS group or to the conventional ERCP group.

Normalized autofluorescence imaging diagnostics in upper GI tract: a new method to improve specificity in neoplasia detection.

Background & Aims: This study was performed to improve the autofluorescence imaging (AFI) in the upper GI tract by applying a new method of normalized autofluorescence (NAFI) obtained via tri-modal imaging.

Objective: NAFI may provide lower false positive rate to achieve ultimately better specificity at acceptable sensitivity.

Patients And Methods: This is a prospective, controlled single-centre study.

Mucin production determines sensitivity to bortezomib and gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells.

The prognosis of pancreatic cancer remains disappointing due to a high intrinsic resistance against chemotherapeutic agents. Standard gemcitabine therapies have improved overall survival only marginally and recently, inhibition of the proteasome by the boronic acid derivative bortezomib has been introduced as a novel therapeutic strategy for solid and hematological malignancies including pancreatic cancer. The mucus-producing pancreatic cancer cell line Capan-1 was cultured under standard conditions and treated with different concentrations of gemcitabine or bortezomib.

Strategies for training in diagnostic upper endoscopy: a prospective, randomized trial.

Background: Training simulators have been used for decades with success; however, a standardized educational strategy for diagnostic EGD is still lacking.

Objective: Development of a training strategy for diagnostic upper endoscopy.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized trial.

Long-Term Relapse-Free Survival by Interdisciplinary Collaboration in a Patient with Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer (UICC IV).

Introduction: The prognostic outlook for patients suffering from pancreatic cancer is generally poor. Particularly in cases of advanced and metastatic disease, long-term relapse-free survival may be achieved only in a few cases.

Case Report: A 45-year-old patient presented with metastatic pancreatic cancer.