Real-world evidence on siponimod treatment in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Background: Therapeutic options targeting inflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS) have evolved rapidly for relapsing-remitting MS, whereas few therapies are available for progressive forms of MS, in particular secondary progressive MS (SPMS). The approval of siponimod for SPMS has allowed for optimism in the otherwise discouraging therapeutic landscape.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, multicenter, non-interventional study analyzing the efficacy and safety of siponimod under real-world conditions in 227 SPMS patients.

Communication, Coordination, and Security for People with Multiple Sclerosis (COCOS-MS): a randomised phase II clinical trial protocol.

Introduction: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have complex needs that range from organising one's everyday life to measures of disease-specific therapy monitoring to palliative care. Patients with MS are likely to depend on multiple healthcare providers and various authorities, which are often difficult to coordinate. Thus, they will probably benefit from comprehensive cross-sectoral coordination of services provided by care and case management (CCM).

Aβ-related Angiitis (ABRA)-A Rare Paraneoplastic Cause of Cerebral Vasculitis in a Young Patient: A Pathway From Unspecific Neurological Symptoms to Final Diagnosis.

Introduction: Aβ-related angiitis (ABRA) is a very rare disease entity with combined features of cerebral amyloid angiopathy and primary angiitis of the CNS. However, the pathogenesis has not been conclusively described yet. Interestingly though, a possible paraneoplastic origin has been reported in the past.

The BETACONNECT™ system: MS therapy goes digital.

Adherence to long-term treatment in chronic diseases such as multiple sclerosis is challenging. Many disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) for MS need to be injected. Injection devices may improve satisfaction with the injection procedure and boost adherence.

Hashimoto encephalopathy: rare cause of stroke in young patient.

Introduction: Hashimoto encephalopathy is a very rare autoimmune disease of unknown etiology. The spectrum of clinical manifestations is wide, and there is no characteristic presentation. Because of the good response to corticosteroid treatment, it is important to confirm the diagnosis as fast as possible.

A novel role of interleukin-1-converting enzyme in cytokine-mediated inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression: Implications for neuroinflammatory diseases.

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-derived NO plays an important role in several neurological disorders. Understanding of mechanisms involved in the regulation of iNOS induction is of particular interest. Here, we investigated mechanisms of iNOS induction in rat astrocytes (AC) and in brain endothelial cells (BEC).

Revisiting an old antimicrobial drug: amphotericin B induces interleukin-1-converting enzyme as the main factor for inducible nitric-oxide synthase expression in activated endothelia.

We have investigated the impact of the widely used antifungal agent Amphotericin B (AmB) on cytokine activated aortic endothelial cells (AEC) and their inflammatory response as monitored by cytokine and inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) expression as well as high-output nitric oxide synthesis. Because both blood-borne infections and systemically administered drugs will first encounter vessel lining endothelial cells, this cell type represents an important participant in innate immune reactions against xenobiotics. Culturing cytokine-activated AEC in the presence of 1.