Overactive bladder symptoms in patients undergoing rigid and flexible cystoscopy.

Purpose: To evaluate overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms in patients undergoing diagnostic cystoscopy. Overall changes in the entire study population were assessed, as well as broken down by various subgroups.

Methods: A prospective multi-center study among consecutive 450 adults undergoing diagnostic cystoscopy was conducted.

Anxiety and depression analyses of patients undergoing diagnostic cystoscopy.

Purpose: To prospectively assess anxiety and depression in patients undergoing diagnostic cystoscopy.

Methods: Patients presenting for outpatient diagnostic cystoscopy were recruited from four European urological departments. Anxiety and depression were assessed with the 'Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale' (HADS) before cystoscopy and after 1 week.

Prospective, multi-institutional pain assessment of 150 women undergoing diagnostic cystoscopy.

Background: The aim of this study was to prospectively assess women's pain during rigid and flexible diagnostic cystoscopy and afterwards during a one-week follow-up.

Methods: Prospective, multi-institutional trial analyzing numeric rating scales (NRS) of women undergoing diagnostic cystoscopy. Pain categories: no (0 points), mild (1-3), moderate (4-6) and severe pain (7-10).

Prospective multi-institutional study analyzing pain perception of flexible and rigid cystoscopy in men.

Objective: To evaluate pain perception in men undergoing flexible or rigid diagnostic cystoscopy.

Methods: This is a prospective multi-institutional analysis of men undergoing cystoscopy in 4 European departments of urology. Pain perception was assessed with an 11-point numeric rating scale.

Impact of the use of bowel for urinary diversion on perioperative complications and 90-day mortality in patients aged 75 years or older.

Objective: A potential strategy to decrease the high complication rate of radical cystectomy (RC) in the elderly is to avoid the use of bowel for urinary diversion. The aim of this study was to address this issue in a multicentre study of patients aged ≥ 75 years.

Patients And Methods: We performed a retrospective, multicentre study of a consecutive series of patients aged ≥ 75 years who underwent RC for muscle-invasive bladder cancer between 2006 and 2010.

Perioperative complications and 90-day mortality of radical cystectomy in the elderly (75+): a retrospective, multicentre study.

Objective: To assess perioperative complications and 90-day mortality of radical cystectomy (RC) in elderly patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective, multicentre (n = 11) study of a consecutive series of patients ≥75 years who underwent RC for MIBC between 2006 and 2010. Medical, surgical and wound complications were graded according to the modified Clavien-Dindo classification.

Extranodal extension is a powerful prognostic factor in bladder cancer patients with lymph node metastasis.

Background: Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is the most powerful pathologic predictor of disease recurrence after radical cystectomy (RC). However, the outcomes of patients with LNM are highly variable.

Objective: To assess the prognostic value of extranodal extension (ENE) and other lymph node (LN) parameters.

Prognostic value of extranodal extension and other lymph node parameters in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

Purpose: We assessed the prognostic value of extranodal extension and other lymph node parameters in a large multicenter cohort of patients with lymph node metastasis after radical nephroureterectomy.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 222 patients with lymph node metastasis treated with radical nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma without neoadjuvant therapy. Each lymph node metastasis was microscopically evaluated for extranodal extension.

Impact of gender on bladder cancer incidence, staging, and prognosis.

Introduction: While patient gender is an important factor in the clinical decision-making for the management of bladder cancer, there are minimal evidence-based recommendations to guide health care professionals. Recent epidemiologic and translational research has shed some light on the complex relationship between gender and bladder cancer. Our aim was to review the literature on the effect of gender on bladder cancer incidence, biology, mortality, and treatment.