Endostatin enhances radioresponse in breast cancer cells via alteration of substance P levels.

Radiotherapy is widely used in the treatment of cancer. On the other hand, endostatin is considered to be a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. Therefore, to test whether ES combined with RT overcomes the limitations of each monotherapy the present study investigated the effects of endostatin (ES), radiotherapy (RT) or combination therapy on the growth of mouse breast cancer cells as well as on the expression of substance P in vitro.

DMSO exhibits similar cytotoxicity effects to thalidomide in mouse breast cancer cells.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of thalidomide on 4T1 and 4THMpc mouse breast cancer cell lines. Mouse breast cancer cells (4T1) and cells derived from metastatic lesions (4THMpc) were treated with various doses of thalidomide [10(-2)-100 µM dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as recommended] and 1.4 µM DMSO (maximum DMSO concentration in the highest thalidomide dose) as a DMSO control against the untreated control groups.

Thalidomide and irradiation combination therapy increases substance P levels in vitro.

Thalidomide is an anti-angiogenic agent that is used in the treatment of cancer. However, in many cases, particularly in patients with breast cancer, thalidomide treatment alone is insufficient and must be combined with other drugs or therapies. In the clinical setting, thalidomide is most commonly used in combination with radiation therapy.

Glycyrrhiza flavescens subsp. antalyensis exerts antiproliferative effects on melanoma cells via altering TNF-α and IFN-α levels.

Glycyrrhiza species possess preventive and therapeutic potentials against various cancers. In the present study, we have evaluated regulation of apoptotic cell death by aqueous extracts of leaf and flower of an endemic Glycyrrhiza species; Glycyrrhiza flavescens subsp. antalyensis, in mouse melanoma cell lines.