Brown Syndrome: Features and Long-term Results of Management.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate surgical techniques and outcomes in patients with Brown's syndrome.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of patients who underwent surgery of the superior oblique (SO) muscle between 2003 and 2011 at a referral center.

Results: In all, 190 patients (111 female and 79 male) with an age range of 4-50 years were included in the study.

Sliding shape extraocular muscle transposition with plication: Long-term results.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the long-term results of sliding shape extraocular muscle transposition, which is a novel operation method of delivering both vascular protection and strengthening of the muscles and transposition of the muscles.

Methods: The patients' files were scanned retrospectively. All patients underwent a complete eye examination in addition to motility examination, both preoperatively and postoperatively.

Muscle belly union surgery with or without medial rectus recession for the treatment of high myopic strabismus fixus.

Purpose: To evaluate the results of surgery involving the union of the superior rectus muscle and the lateral rectus muscle with or without medial rectus recession (MRc) for the treatment of high myopic strabismus fixus over a 20-year period.

Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent muscle belly union for the treatment of high myopic strabismus fixus were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were classified according to the timing of MRc.

Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASİK) in patients with superior steepening on corneal topography: Is it safe and predictable?

Background: Attention is usually given to inferior steepening on corneal topography in the evaluation of a patient's suitability for LASIK surgery. The aim of this study is to investigate long-term refractive results with superior steepening.

Methods: Patients who underwent LASIK surgery between 2015 and 2019 in our refractive surgery department were retrospectively reviewed.

Anterior-Approach Versus Posterior-Approach Levator Advancement Surgery in Aponeurotic Ptosis.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness and complications of levator reinsertion in aponeurotic ptosis surgery using anterior and posterior approaches.

Methods: Seventy-eight (36 females, 42 males) patients with acquired aponeurotic ptosis were evaluated. Pre- and postoperative margin reflex distance, symmetry of height, contour and skin crease, corneal problems, and lagophthalmus were evaluated and compared between the 2 groups.

Comparison of different tendon transposition techniques for the treatment of monocular elevation deficiency type 2.

Purpose: To compare results of three different tendon transposition techniques (Knapp procedure and two modified techniques) for the treatment of type 2 monocular elevation deficiency (MED) patients.

Methods: The medical records of patients with MED type 2 operated on at a single institution from 2000 to 2016 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were divided into three vertical transposition groups: (1) full tendon width, (2) augmented surgery; and (3) partial tendon width.

Cyclic strabismus: what measured angle of strabismus should guide surgery?

: Here we aimed to describe seven pediatric patients with cyclic strabismus and report the outcome of their surgical treatment.: Seven children with acquired esotropia manifesting in a 48-h cycle were included in the study. Four of them were boys, and three of them were girls.

Vertical rectus muscle union combined with lateral rectus plication for complete abducens nerve palsy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to report our postoperative results concerning the vertical rectus (VR) muscle union combined with lateral rectus (LR) plication for the treatment of large-angle esotropia (ET) in complete abducens nerve palsy.

Methods: Medical records from 36 patients who had undergone the VR union procedure for ET treatment due to sixth-nerve palsy between July 2014 and July 2018 at Beyoglu Eye Research and Training Hospital were reviewed. One week before surgery, all patients underwent a 4-IU botulinum toxin A (btx) injection into the ipsilateral medial rectus (MR).

Duane Retraction Syndrome and Accompanying Ocular Abnormalities.

Objectives: Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) is a congenital syndrome characterized by limitation in adduction and/or abduction eye movements and narrowing of the palpebral fissure in adduction, and may include globe retraction, upshoot or downshoot. Several systemic abnormalities, syndromes, and additional ocular findings can accompany DRS. This study is an evaluation of eye findings in patients with DRS.

Foveal avascular zone area measurements with optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with nanophthalmos.

Purpose: To compare the area of the superficial foveal avascular zone (SFAZ) and deep foveal avascular zone (DFAZ) between patients with nanophthalmos and age matched controls.

Methods: This prospective and comparative study included 19 eyes from 11 patients with nanophthalmos (study group) and 19 eyes from 19 healthy subjects (control group). SFAZ and DFAZ were measured with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A).

Correction of myopic astigmatism by small incision lenticule extraction: does laterality matter?

To evaluate the outcome after astigmatic correction of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and to compare the refractive results of right eyes with left eyes. Patients who underwent SMILE surgery in our clinic between 2014 and 2016 (Visumax, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany) were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative and postoperative manifest refractions and corrected and uncorrected visual acuities were evaluated and changes in refractive astigmatism were evaluated by vector analysis.

Surgical Management in Type 1 Monocular Elevation Deficiency.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcome of surgical treatment in patients with type 1 monocular elevation deficiency.

Methods: Patients who were diagnosed as having type 1 monocular elevation deficiency by forced duction test and exaggerated traction test between 2000 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Epidemiologic and clinical features of the patients were noted.

Measurement of extraocular horizontal muscle insertion distance via anterior segment optical coherence tomography of healthy children and comparison with healthy adults.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the corneal limbus-extraocular muscle insertion distance (LID), via anterior segment optical coherence tomography, in healthy children and healthy adults and to compare the results of the measurements of the two groups.

Methods: Muscle limbus distances were measured using AS-OCT in 60 healthy cases in two groups. Children aged 8-13 years were evaluated as group 1, and healthy adults aged 25-30 years were evaluated as group 2.

Simplified approach of Gokyigit's technique for complete cranial nerve third palsy.

Purpose: To evaluate a simpler approach of the medial transposition of split lateral rectus technique in patients with complete third nerve palsy.

Methods: All eyes with complet third nerve palsy were followed in our Strabismus Department between 2014 and 2016. All patients had complete oculamotor nerve palsy.

A New Side Effect of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant (Ozurdex®).

Dexamethasone implant, 0,7 mg (Ozurdex, Allergan, Inc., Irvine, CA, USA), is drug mostly used in the treatment of the diabetic macular edema and edema related to retinal vein occlusion. By reporting this case we aimed to report a new side effect of 0.

Medial Rectus Bridge Faden Operations in Accommodative and Partially Accommodative Esotropia With Convergence Excess.

Purpose: To evaluate the results of the bilateral bridge Faden operation on the medial rectus muscles with and without recession in the treatment of accommodative and partially accommodative esotropia with convergence excess.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical records of 103 patients who underwent the bridge Faden operation on both medial rectus muscles, with or without recession, for the treatment of accommodative and partially accommodative esotropia with convergence excess. Preoperative and postoperative near and distance deviations and near-distance disparities were evaluated.

Changes in Higher-Order Aberrations After Phototherapeutic Keratectomy for Subepithelial Corneal Infiltrates After Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis.

Purpose: To investigate how corneal aberrations change after phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) for subepithelial infiltrates after adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis.

Methods: The records of patients who underwent transepithelial PTK for subepithelial infiltrates were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (VA) and the results of slit-lamp biomicroscopy examinations were recorded.

Comparison of visual acuity measurements via three different methods in preschool children: Lea symbols, crowded Lea symbols, Snellen E chart.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare three different methods to measure visual acuity (VA) in healthy and amblyopic preschool children: a Snellen E chart (SE), a single Lea symbols (SLS), and a crowded Lea symbols (CLS).

Methods: Seventy-eight eyes of 54 patients (28 females, 26 males) were included in this cross-sectional, comparative study. The control group consisted of 30 healthy cases, and the amblyopic group consisted of 24 patients with amblyopia.

Management of Duane retraction syndrome with prismatic glasses.

Purpose: To report the results of using prismatic glasses for Duane retraction syndrome (DRS).

Methods: Data were obtained from the records of patients who were evaluated during the year 2000 in the Strabismus Unit of the Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital. The average follow-up was 12.

The effects of topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor in treatment of nystagmus.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI), brinzolamide (Azopt), for treatment of nystagmus patients.

Materials And Methods: Patients who used Brinzolamide for treatment of nystagmus were retrospectively analyzed. 23 patients were included in this study.