Sleep quality in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Background: Sleep quality is individual satisfaction with the sleep experience and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), one of the most reliable subjective measurements of sleep quality, assesses the quality of sleep over the previous month. This study aimed to explore the sleep quality in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in comparison to healthy controls (HCs).

Methods: Following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methods and PRISMA statement, a systematic search was conducted through PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase online databases and studies that assessed the sleep quality based on the PSQI, in MS patients and HCs were included.

The Effects of Spiritual Care with and Without Aromatherapy on the Sleep Quality of Prisoners Referred to the Emergency Department of the Prison Clinic in Iran: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Rest and sleep are health fundamentals and essential phases of human life rhythms. Sleep disturbances can negatively affect an individual's physical and mental balance. Due to the psychological pressure resulting from problems, prisoners experience more sleep disturbances than other people.

Finite-element modelling of interactions of needle with tympanic membrane and middle ear.

The tympanic membrane (TM) is one of the most common routes to access the middle ear and inner ear for the treatment of hearing and balance pathologies. Since the TM is a soft thin biological tissue with small dimensions, using needles seems to be among the most practical interventional approaches. In this study, we proposed a finite-element (FE) analysis of needle-TM interactions that combines a 3D model of the TM and other main middle-ear structures in gerbil, and a 2D model of needle insertion into the TM based on the cohesive zone method (CZM).

Experimental Study of Needle Insertion into Gerbil Tympanic Membrane.

The perforation characteristics and fracture-related mechanical properties of the tympanic membrane (TM) greatly affect surgical procedures like myringotomy and tympanostomy performed on the middle ear. We analyzed the most important features of the gerbil TM perforation using an experimental approach that was based on force measurement during a 2-cycle needle insertion/extraction process. Fracture energy, friction energy, strain energy, and hysteresis loss were taken into consideration for the analysis of the different stages of needle insertion and extraction.

Hematological Indices and Genetic Variants of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: Machine Learning Approaches.

Background: Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) is associated with infertility. Little is known about the potential circulating biomarkers that could be used to predict POI. We have investigated the possible association between white and red blood cells, platelet indices, and eight established single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with POI risk.

Mature cystic teratoma with co-existent mucinous cystadenocarcinoma: describing a diagnostic challenge-a case report.

Background: Mature cystic teratoma co-existing with a mucinous cystadenocarcinoma is a rare tumor that few cases have been reported until now. In these cases, either a benign teratoma is malignantly transformed into adenocarcinoma or a collision tumor is formed between a mature cystic teratoma and a mucinous tumor, which is either primarily originated from epithelial-stromal surface of the ovary, or secondary to a primary gastrointestinal tract tumor. The significance of individualizing the two tumors has a remarkable effect on further therapeutic management.

Mechanical Effects of Medical Device Attachment to Human Tympanic Membrane.

Purpose: Several treatment methods for hearing disorders rely on attaching medical devices to the tympanic membrane. This study aims to systematically analyze the effects of the material and geometrical properties and location of the medical devices attached to the tympanic membrane on middle-ear vibrations.

Methods: A finite-element model of the human middle ear was employed to simulate the effects of attachment of medical devices.

Seed Train Optimization in Microcarrier-Based Cell Culture Post In Situ Cell Detachment through Scale-Down Hybrid Modeling.

Microcarrier-based cell culture is a commonly used method to facilitate the growth of anchorage-dependent cells like MA 104 for antigen manufacturing. However, conventionally, static cell culture is employed for cell propagation before seeding the production bioreactor with microcarriers (MCs). This study demonstrates the effective replacement of the conventional method by serial subculturing on MCs with in situ cell detachment under optimal conditions in closed culture units.

Material characterization of human middle ear using machine-learning-based surrogate models.

This study aims to introduce a novel non-invasive method for rapid material characterization of middle-ear structures, taking into consideration the invaluable insights provided by the mechanical properties of ear tissues. Valuable insights into various ear pathologies can be gleaned from the mechanical properties of ear tissues, yet conventional techniques for assessing these properties often entail invasive procedures that preclude their use on living patients. In this study, in the first step, we developed machine-learning models of the middle ear to predict its responses with a significantly lower computational cost in comparison to finite-element models.

The effects of melatonin supplementation on neurobehavioral outcomes and clinical severity in rodent models of multiple sclerosis; a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Through the antioxidant and anti-inflammation pathways, melatonin is proposed as a safe and effective intervention in neurological diseases. This study aims to evaluate the effects of melatonin supplementation on the neurobehavioral and clinical outcomes in animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: This study was conducted following the PRISMA statement.

Characteristics, outcome, duration of hospitalization, and cycle threshold of patients with COVID-19 referred to four hospitals in Babol City: a multicenter retrospective observational study on the fourth, fifth, and sixth waves.

Background: The aim of the present study was to compare the epidemiological patterns of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infections, hospitalizations, deaths, and duration of hospitalization during the fourth, fifth and sixth epidemic waves of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Iran.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective observational study was conducted on hospitalized patients in four hospitals in the Babol district of northern Iran. The study periods were during the fourth, fifth, and sixth waves of the epidemic in Iran, (March 2021 to March 2022).

Comparison of the effect of mint extract and chamomile drops on the gastric residual volume of traumatic patients under mechanical ventilation and nasogastric tube feeding in the intensive care unit: A triple -blind, randomized, crossover trial.

Objective: Mint and chamomile can effectively reduce the gastric residual volume (GRV). This study aimed to determine the effect of mint extract and chamomile drops on the GRV of trauma patients under mechanical ventilation and nasogastric tube feeding in the intensive care unit.

Materials And Methods: This study was a triple-blinded randomized clinical trial with a 2×2 crossover design.

Association of dietary and blood inflammatory indicators with depression, anxiety, and stress in adults with vitamin D deficiency.

Background: There is growing evidence that vitamin D may be related to mental health. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association of dietary and blood inflammatory factors with mental health disorders in subjects with vitamin D deficiency, shedding further light on the complex interplay of these conditions.

Method: In this cross-sectional study, 306 subjects completed the validated Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale questionnaire to evaluate their depression, anxiety, and stress scores.

Relative importance and interactions of parameters of finite-element models of human middle ear.

In the last decades, finite-element models of the middle ear have been widely used to predict the middle-ear vibration outputs. Even with the simplest linear assumption for material properties of the structures in the middle ear, these models need tens of parameters. Due to the complexities of measurements of material properties of these structures, accurate estimations of the values of most of these parameters are not possible.

Inaccuracies of deterministic finite-element models of human middle ear revealed by stochastic modelling.

For over 40 years, finite-element models of the mechanics of the middle ear have been mostly deterministic in nature. Deterministic models do not take into account the effects of inter-individual variabilities on middle-ear parameters. We present a stochastic finite-element model of the human middle ear that uses variability in the model parameters to investigate the uncertainty in the model outputs (umbo, stapes, and tympanic-membrane displacements).

Changes in the prehospital emergency technician's resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic: A web-based cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: Resilience is a process that enables people to control the stressors of their lives. During the COVID-19 crisis, work stress increased among prehospital emergency technicians. So, it was possible to reduce their resilience.

Control of magnetic states and spin interactions in bilayer CrCl with strain and electric fields: an ab initio study.

Using ab initio density functional theory, we demonstrated the possibility of controlling the magnetic ground-state properties of bilayer CrCl[Formula: see text] by means of mechanical strains and electric fields. In principle, we investigated the influence of these two fields on parameters describing the spin Hamiltonian of the system. The obtained results show that biaxial strains change the magnetic ground state between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases.

Variability of urban drainage area delineation and runoff calculation with topographic resolution and rainfall volume.

Designing green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) requires an accurate estimate of the contributing drainage area and a model for runoff generation. We examined some factors that add to the uncertainty associated with these two design steps in the urban environment. Delineated drainage areas at five GSI sites in southeastern Pennsylvania (PA) were compared for digital elevation model (DEM) resolutions (grid cell sizes) ranging from 8 to 300 cm.

The relationship between the emergency nurses' sleep quality and the sleep quality of their spouses: A cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study.

Background And Aims: Due to the heavy working shifts, emergency nurses may have to sleep at unusual times of the day, affecting their spouse's sleep. This study proposed to detect the relationship between the woman emergency nurse's sleep quality and the sleep quality of their spouses.

Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study has lasted for 4 months since June 21, 2020.

The earthquake's effect on the men's sexual function; 1 year after the earthquake's occurrence: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: Sexual dysfunctions are one of the health problems after natural disasters that are usually less attention. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the earthquake on men's sexual functions 1 year after the earthquake.

Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytical cross-section study that took place a year after the Kermanshah earthquake.

Influenza Vaccine Booster Stimulates Antibody Response in Beta Thalassemia Major Patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate antibody response against influenza vaccine in beta thalassemia major patients from Iran. Thirty beta thalassemia major patients were enrolled and divided into three groups: single dose (group 1), double dose (group 2), and control (group 3). Seroconversion, seroprotection, and geometric mean titer (GMT) assays were performed through hemagglutination inhibition (HI) on days 0, 14, and 60.

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms as important risk factors of diabetes among Middle East population.

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that leads to the dysfunction of various tissues and organs, including eyes, kidneys, and cardiovascular system. According to the World Health Organization, diabetes prevalence is 8.8% globally among whom about 90% of cases are type 2 diabetes.

Comparison of the effectiveness of virtual reality and chewing mint gum on labor pain and anxiety: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Childbirth pain and anxiety are often unnatural, as opposed to being one of the most practical ways to use non-pharmacological methods. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality and chewing mint gum on childbirth pain and anxiety.

Methods: This is a single-blind, three-group clinical trial study on 93 mothers referred to Allameh Bohlool Gonabadi and Sajjadieh Torbate Jam Hospitals for natural childbirth in 2018-2019.

Spin Hall effect of transmitted light through α-LiN-type topological semimetals.

The spin Hall effect of light occurring in topological semimetals provides unprecedented opportunities to exploit novel photonic properties and applications. In particular, pristine α-LiN-type crystal has recently been predicted to be a type-I nodal-line semimetal based on density functional theory. Herein, the spin Hall effect of transmitted light through thin films of α-LiN-type topological semimetals is investigated.

Fracture behaviour of human skin in deep needle insertion can be captured using validated cohesive zone finite-element method.

Medical needles have shown an appreciable contribution to the development of novel medical devices and surgical technologies. A better understanding of needle-skin interactions can advance the design of medical needles, modern surgical robots, and haptic devices. This study employed finite element (FE) modelling to explore the effect of different mechanical and geometrical parameters on the needle's force-displacement relationship, the required force for the skin puncture, and generated mechanical stress around the cutting zone.