Exogenous phenylalanine application effects on phytochemicals, antioxidant activity, HPLC profiling, and PAL and CHS genes expression in table grapes (Vitis vinifera cv. 'Qzl Ouzum').

Background: Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most important fruit products globally and has a high nutritional value with potent antioxidant and anti-cancer activities. In current years, phenylalanine application has been particularly noticed for enhancing the nutritional quality of horticultural crops.

Early Folding Dynamics of i-Motif DNA Revealed by pH-Jump Time-Resolved X-ray Solution Scattering.

The i-motif is a pH-responsive cytosine-rich oligonucleotide sequence that forms, under acidic conditions, a quadruplex structure. This tunable structural switching has made the i-motif a useful platform for designing pH-responsive nanomaterials. Despite the widespread application of i-motif DNA constructs as biomolecular switches, the mechanism of i-motif folding on the atomic scale has yet to be established.

Effectiveness of computer-based telerehabilitation software (RehaCom) compared to other treatments for patients with cognitive impairments: A systematic review.

Background: The rehabilitation process for cognitive disorders is long and complex, which can lead to reduced rehabilitation outcomes and reduced quality improvement. Thus, there is a need to use new methods to boost conventional rehabilitation (e.g.

Liposomes and Niosomes: New trends and applications in the delivery of bioactive agents for cancer therapy.

Lipid-based nanocarriers have been in continuous development as strategies to enhance drug delivery efficiency. Liposomes are delivery systems primarily composed of phospholipids and cholesterol (or other suitable stabilizers) that have transformed the pharmaceutical field by improving drug targeting and release control. The success of this technology is strongly attributed to phospholipids, which are components of cell membranes, forming a biocompatible system.

A High-Fidelity Computational Model for Predicting Blood Cell Trafficking and 3D Capillary Hemodynamics in Retinal Microvascular Networks.

Purpose: To present a first principle-based, high-fidelity computational model for predicting full three-dimensional (3D) and time-resolved retinal microvascular hemodynamics taking into consideration the flow and deformation of individual blood cells.

Methods: The computational model is a 3D fluid-structure interaction model based on combined finite volume/finite element/immersed-boundary methods. Three in silico microvascular networks are built from high-resolution in vivo motion contrast images of the superficial capillary plexus in the parafoveal region of the human retina.

The role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary fibrosis: lessons from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and COVID-19.

Despite the tremendous advancements in the knowledge of the pathophysiology and clinical aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection, still many issues remain unanswered, especially in the long-term effects. Mounting evidence suggests that pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is one of the most severe complications associated with COVID-19. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms behind its development is helpful to develop successful therapeutic strategies.

Exploring potential of graphene oxide as an alternative antiviral approach for influenza A H1N1.

Graphene oxide (GO), known for its distinctive physicochemical properties, shows promise as a nanomaterial capable of combating infectious agents. This study investigates the efficacy of GO nanoparticles in restricting influenza A H1N1 replication in MDCK cells. GO nanoparticles were synthesized.

Correlation Between TWEAK Serum Level and HTLV-1 Proviral Load in HAM/TSP.

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), the main neurological manifestation of HTLV-I, is a chronic inflammatory disease. Viral-host interaction and host genetics are two important contributors to the development of the HAM/TSP. This study was conducted to measure the serum level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) by ELISA method in three groups of participants including 34 HAM/TSP patients (HAM/TSP), 35 asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers (ACs), and 20 healthy controls (HCs).

Effect of resilience training in improving the ability to cope with stress and hope of mothers with cancer children.

Background: The present study investigates the effect of resilience training in improving the ability to cope with stress and hope of mothers with cancer children.

Methods: In this interventional study, 70 mothers parenting children with cancer were selected as available and randomly classified into the control and experimental groups. The mothers of the two groups completed the parenting stress and hope questionnaire.

Cardiovascular and vasomotor pulsations in the brain and periphery during awake and NREM sleep in a multimodal fMRI study.

Introduction: The cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in the human brain are driven by physiological pulsations, including cardiovascular pulses and very low-frequency (< 0.1 Hz) vasomotor waves. Ultrafast functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) facilitates the simultaneous measurement of these signals from venous and arterial compartments independently with both classical venous blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) and faster arterial spin-phase contrast.

The interaction between dietary nitrates/nitrites intake and gut microbial metabolites on metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence has increased globally.The evidence shows thatdiet and gut microbial metabolites includingtrimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and kynurenine (KYN) play an important role in developing MetS. However, there is a lack of evidence on associations between between diet and these metabolites.

Identifying data elements and key features to design a telerehabilitation system for speech and language disorders in children with hearing impairments in Iran: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: Designing and implementing telerehabilitation systems would require the identification of data elements to meet disabled people's needs. An in-depth study on the identification and validation of data elements can help design and implement telerehabilitation systems successfully. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and validate data elements to design a telerehabilitation system for the speech and language disorders of hearing-impaired children in Iran.

Effects of Educational Program Based on Self-Esteem Enhancement on Weight Status in Obese Women.

Background: Most obese people do not have high self-esteem. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of self-esteem education on the weight status of obese women.

Methods: This Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) was performed on 46 obese women (BMI >30) in Hamadan during 2021-2022.

Toughening Polylactic Acid with Ultrafine Fully Vulcanized Powdered Natural Rubber Graft-Copolymerized with Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile): Tailoring the Styrene-Acrylonitrile Ratio for Enhanced Interfacial Interactions.

This study investigated the sustainable toughening of polylactic acid (PLA) by incorporating ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered natural rubber graft-copolymerized with poly-styrene-co-acrylonitrile (UFPNR-SAN). We investigated the effect of the styrene-to-acrylonitrile ratio (ST:AN) used during the grafting process on the final UFPNR-SAN compatibility with PLA. The ST:AN ratio was systematically varied during the grafting reaction to prepare UFPNR-SAN with a range of different surface energies.

Application of Differential Subsampling with Cartesian Ordering in Evaluating Left Ovarian Venous Reflux for Pretreatment Planning for Pelvic Venous Disorders.

The diagnosis of a common cause of chronic pelvic pain can be made by visualizing reflux in the ovarian veins. Fluoroscopic venography is the gold standard for diagnosing ovarian vein reflux, but it is an invasive technique that exposes patients to ionizing radiation. MRI, with its lack of ionizing radiation and capability of high-temporal and spatial-resolution vascular imaging, has the potential to provide similar diagnostic information.

Modulating Enzyme Activity using Engineered Nanomaterials.

Enzymes serve as pivotal components in various biotechnological applications across several industries. Understanding enzyme inhibition sheds light on how certain compounds disrupt biochemical pathways, facilitating the design of targeted drugs for combating diseases. On the other hand, reversible inhibition or enhancement of activity can unlock new ways of controlling industrial reactions and boosting the catalytic activity of native enzymes that are taken out of their natural environments.

Effects of Tai Chi training on functionality, dynamic balance, kinesiophobia, and quality of life in athletes with functional ankle instability.

This study investigated the effects of Tai Chi training on functionality, dynamic balance, kinesiophobia, and quality of life in athletes with Functional Ankle Instability (FAI). Forty-three athletes with FAI were randomly assigned to either a Tai Chi group ( = 21) or a control group ( = 22). The Tai Chi group followed a tailored exercise protocol addressing ankle instability through a three-phase progression, while the control group had no intervention but continued their usual activities.

Neutralizing Autoantibodies against Interleukin-10 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

We discovered high-titer neutralizing autoantibodies against interleukin-10 in a child with infantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a phenocopy of inborn errors of interleukin-10 signaling. After B-cell-depletion therapy and an associated decrease in the anti-interleukin-10 titer, conventional IBD therapy could be withdrawn. A second child with neutralizing anti-interleukin-10 autoantibodies had a milder course of IBD and has been treated without B-cell depletion.

A comprehensive review of lessons learned from quantum dots in cancer therapy.

Quantum dots (QDs) are with exceptional physicochemical and biological properties, making them highly versatile for a wide range of applications in cancer therapy. One of the key features of QDs is their unique electronic structure, which gives them functional attributes. Notably, their photoluminescence can be strong and adjustable, allowing them to be effectively used in fluorescence based diagnosis such as biosensing and bioimaging.