Preconcentration and determination of five antidepressants from human milk and urine samples by stir bar filled magnetic ionic liquids using liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction-high-performance liquid chromatography.

A sensitive and straightforward liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction method was developed to preconcentrate and cleanup antidepressants, including mirtazapine, venlafaxine, escitalopram, fluoxetine, and fluvoxamine, from biological samples before analyzing with high-performance liquid chromatography. The essential novelty of this study is using magnetic ionic liquids as the extraction phase in the lumen of hollow fiber and preparing a liquid magnetic stir bar. In this method, polypropylene hollow fiber was utilized as the permeable membrane for the analyte extraction.

Symmetry-Adapted Restraints for Binding Free Energy Calculations.

Binding free energy calculations rely critically on a precise definition of the bound state and well-designed ligand restraints to ensure that binding free energy calculations converge rapidly and yield estimates of well-defined thermodynamic quantities. The distance-to-bound-configuration (DBC) is a single variable that can precisely delineate the bound state of a ligand including translational, rotational and conformational degrees of freedom and has been successfully used to capture binding modes with complex geometries. DBC is defined as the root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) of ligand coordinates in the frame of reference of the binding site.

Tween 80 improves the infectivity of BCL1 cell-adapted infectious bursal disease virus.

Non-ionic surfactants have the ability to alter the cell membrane's permeability for enhancing virus replication. The impact of non-ionic surfactant Tween 80 (TW80) on the infectivity of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) was studied in BCL1 cells. The toxicity of different concentrations of TW80 for BCL1 cells was determined for five-time passages.

The Effective Role of Adding Letrozole to Methotrexate in the Management of Tubal Ectopic Pregnancies, a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is considered a main reproductive health challenge. According to the side effects of using methotrexate (MTX), it is rational to find safer drugs in the management of EP. This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding letrozole to the single-dose MTX in the management of EPs.

Patient-reported outcomes of a short hospital stay after total knee replacement in a regional public hospital: a prospective cohort treated 2018-2019.

Background: Patient-reported outcomes and satisfaction following short length of stay (LoS) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the Australian regional context remain unexplored. This study reports complications, outcomes and satisfaction of patients discharged from an enhanced recovery protocol (ERP), 6 weeks after TKA in a regional hospital.

Methods: Prospective recruitment occurred between 2018 and 2019.

Determining The Role of MicroRNAs in Self-Renewal, Metastasis and Resistance to Drugs in Human Gastric Cancer Based on Data Mining Approaches: A Systematic Review.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The major problems of patients with GC are the lack of proper response to the treatment, drug resistance and metastasis attributed to the presence of a subpopulation of cells inside the tumour that are called cancer stem cells (CSCs). In addition, deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been reported in different stages of GC.

Self-Referred Walk-in (SRW) versus Emergency Medical Services Brought Covid-19 Patients.

Objective: To compare the characteristics of the emergency medical services (EMS) brought COVID-19 patients versus self-referred walk-in patients.

Methods: This was a Cross-sectional study of COVID-19 infected cases in Jahrom, south of Iran. Age, sex, the symptoms of beginning days' passing, respiratory distress, PO2 at arrival, admission length and in-hospital death were retrieved for confirming COVID-19 cases in the whole 2020 year.

A checklist for assessing the methodological quality of concurrent tES-fMRI studies (ContES checklist): a consensus study and statement.

Low-intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), including alternating or direct current stimulation, applies weak electrical stimulation to modulate the activity of brain circuits. Integration of tES with concurrent functional MRI (fMRI) allows for the mapping of neural activity during neuromodulation, supporting causal studies of both brain function and tES effects. Methodological aspects of tES-fMRI studies underpin the results, and reporting them in appropriate detail is required for reproducibility and interpretability.

Monoclonal antibodies in diabetic retinopathy.

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR), as one of the main complications of diabetes, is among the leading causes of blindness and visual impairment worldwide.

Areas Covered: Current clinical therapies include photocoagulation, vitrectomy, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies. Bevacizumab and ranibizumab are two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) inhibiting angiogenesis.

Designing a novel DNA-based electrochemical biosensor to determine of Ba ions both selectively and sensitively.

This work describes a novel electrochemical biosensor based on G-quadruplex (G4) DNA for the sensitive and selective detection of Ba ions using a Carbon Paste Electrode modified with Ag nanoparticles incorporated in reduced Graphene Oxide via a simple wet chemical method (Ag-rGO/CPE), in the presence of carmoisine (CA) as a new electrochemical indicator. The peak current of CA increased with increasing Ba ions concentration and the DNA-based sensor showed linear ranges of 0.06-0.

Clinical and radiographic effectiveness of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) partial pulpotomy with low power or high power diode laser irradiation in deciduous molars: a randomized clinical trial.

This study investigated the clinical and radiographic effectiveness of MTA partial pulpotomy with low power or high power diode laser irradiation in primary molars. In this randomized single-blind clinical trial, 63 mandibular second molars were assigned into three groups (n = 21). After pulp amputation and achieving hemostasis, MTA was placed over pulp stumps in group 1 (MTA).

Risk Stratification of Pulmonary Thromboembolism using Brain Natriuretic Peptide and Troponin I; a Brief Report.

Introduction: Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is one of the most prevalent medical disorders, with a notable annual fatality rate. This study aimed to evaluated the accuracy of serum pro-BNP and troponin I levels in PTE diagnosis.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was implemented on 267 patients with suspected PTE (sudden chest pain or sudden dyspnea) in Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran.

Sub-Flap Use of Nano-Selenium Oxide Solution Enhances Skin Flap Viability in Rats: Study the Novel Role of mTOR and p-mTOR Expression.

Background: Nano-selenium oxide (NSeO) particles are highly noticeable due to their tissue-protective and antioxidant properties. For this purpose, the effect of NSeO was evaluated on skin flap survival and flap oxidative stress markers in rats. Also, another effect of NSeO was investigated on the expression of mTOR and p-mTOR.

Graphene-based Nanomaterials in Fighting the Most Challenging Viruses and Immunogenic Disorders.

Viral diseases have long been among the biggest challenges for healthcare systems around the world. The recent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an example of how complicated the situation can get if we are not prepared to combat a viral outbreak in time, which brings up the need for quick and affordable biosensing platforms and vast knowledge of potential antiviral effects and drug/gene delivery opportunities. The same challenges have also existed for nonviral immunogenic disorders.

Design and Production An Effective Bispecific Tandem Chimeric Antigen Receptor on T Cells against CD123 and Folate Receptor ß towards B-Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Blasts.

Objective: The clinical studies of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) revealed that antigen escaping variants cause cancer recurrence even after treatment with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells that target a single tumour antigen. Due to the heterogeneous expression of antigens on leukaemia blasts, we hypothesized that a novel bispecific CAR, directed to the folate receptor beta (FRβ)-binding single-chain variable fragment (scFv) and an IL3α-binding receptor (CD123) that has more expression in AML blasts, can decrease CAR-T cell exhaustion and increase the efficacy of CAR-T cells to prevent antigen escaping and consequent recurrence of AML.

Materials And Methods: In this experimental study, the survival, proliferation, and cytolysis of CAR-T cells remains suboptimal even with a costimulatory endodomain.

Driving powers of the globalization on the urban ecology, a comparative study.

Background: The present study investigates the driving effects of globalization on the urban environment in two countries of Italy and Japan, which have the regular amplified economy among the advanced countries. For this purpose, a model with the collaboration of two main subjects of globalization coverage and urbanization and the methodological procedures of correlation test and structural analysis was constructed. A globalization index, namely the Maastricht globalization index (MGI), was assumed based on the integrated values of ten factors [HDI, ITA, GDP, FDI, TEI, GEE, GME, MCS, and IUI] besides three ecological indicators as the baseline of the urban environment, namely carbon dioxide emission (CDE), municipal solid wastes (MSW), and wastewater treatment plants (WTP).

NK cell upraise in the dark world of cancer stem cells.

One of the obstacles in treating different cancers, especially solid tumors, is cancer stem cells (CSCs) with their ability in resistance to chemo/radio therapy. The efforts for finding advanced treatments to overcome these cells have led to the emergence of advanced immune cell-based therapy (AICBT). Today, NK cells have become the center of attention since they have been proved to show an appropriate cytotoxicity against different cancer types as well as the capability of detecting and killing CSCs.

Effect of hydrothermal treatment on deep dewatering of digested sludge: Further understanding the role of lignocellulosic biomass.

In this study, lignocellulose-assisted hydrothermal treatment (HTT) of digestated sludge was studied to further understand the role of biomass in HTT and its effect on subsequent sludge dewatering. HTT of sludge-biomass mixtures at 180 °C for 60 min at a sludge/biomass total solids (TS) ratio of 1:1 led to solid residue moistures of 36%-40% after dewatering using a hydraulic press at 24 MPa, compared to 69.5% without biomass.

Medical image alignment based on landmark- and approximate contour-matching.

Our goal is to propose a landmark- and contour-matching (LCM) registration method that uses both landmark information and approximate point correspondences to boost the similarity between image pairs with sparse landmark information. A model for registering two-dimensional (2D) medical images with landmark information and contour-approximating landmarks was proposed. The model was also extended to accommodate the registration of three-dimensional (3D) cardiac images.

Ultrasensitive early detection of insulin antibody employing novel electrochemical nano-biosensor based on controllable electro-fabrication process.

An ultrasensitive novel electrochemical nano-biosensor for rapid detection of insulin antibodies against diabetes antigens was developed in this research. The presence of insulin antibodies has been demonstrated to be a strong predictor for the development of type 1 diabetes in individuals who do not have diabetes but are genetically predisposed. The proposed nano-biosensor fabrication process was based on the optimized sequential electropolymerization of polyaniline and electrodeposition of gold nanoparticles on the surface of the functionalized gold electrode.

Surface-confined formation of conjugated porphyrin-based nanostructures on Ag(111).

Porphyrin-based oligomers were synthesized from the condensation of adsorbed 4-benzaldehyde-substituted porphyrins through the formation of CC linkages, following a McMurry-type coupling scheme. Scanning tunneling microscopy, non-contact atomic force microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data evidence both the dissociation of aldehyde groups and the formation of CC linkages. Our approach provides a path for the on-surface synthesis of porphyrin-based oligomers coupled by CC bridges - as a means to create functional conjugated nanostructures.

Phosphate Restriction Promotes Longevity via Activation of Autophagy and the Multivesicular Body Pathway.

Nutrient limitation results in an activation of autophagy in organisms ranging from yeast, nematodes and flies to mammals. Several evolutionary conserved nutrient-sensing kinases are critical for efficient adaptation of yeast cells to glucose, nitrogen or phosphate depletion, subsequent cell-cycle exit and the regulation of autophagy. Here, we demonstrate that phosphate restriction results in a prominent extension of yeast lifespan that requires the coordinated activity of autophagy and the multivesicular body pathway, enabling efficient turnover of cytoplasmic and plasma membrane cargo.