Label-free rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing with machine-learning based dynamic holographic laser speckle imaging.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a significant global challenge, creating an urgent need for rapid and sensitive antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods to guide timely treatment decisions. Traditional AST techniques, such as broth microdilution, disk diffusion, and gradient diffusion assays, require extended incubation times, delaying critical therapeutic interventions. In this study, we present a dynamic holographic laser speckle imaging (DhLSI) system, coupled with machine learning algorithms, for rapid assessment of bacterial susceptibility upon antibiotic treatment.

Prevalence, deaths and disability-adjusted life years due to Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in Middle East and North Africa, 1990-2021.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) ranks among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The objective was to evaluate the burden of AD and other dementias among the countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region by age and sex from 1990 to 2021. The data were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021.

Comparing sexual dysfunction in cosmetic rhinoplasty candidates and normal population among married women in Shiraz, Iran: A case-control study.

Background: Disturbed self-esteem and self-image can be found in body dysmorphic individuals, and sexual dysfunction is also more frequent among these individuals. Body image concerns may also contribute to the tendency to undergo cosmetic procedures, including rhinoplasty.

Objective: This study aimed to compare sexual dysfunction in married women who were candidates for cosmetic rhinoplasty to a control group.

Search for New Resonances Decaying to Pairs of Merged Diphotons in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

A search is presented for an extended Higgs sector with two new particles, X and ϕ, in the process X→ϕϕ→(γγ)(γγ). Novel neural networks classify events with diphotons that are merged and determine the diphoton masses. The search uses LHC proton-proton collision data at sqrt[s]=13  TeV collected with the CMS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1}.

Psychometric analysis of work organization and fatigue instruments and their relationship with occupational accidents: a structural equation modeling approach.

Background: Work organization significantly impacts occupational incidents and fatigue in hospital settings, particularly among nurses. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of instruments measuring work organization and fatigue and to examine their relationship with occupational accidents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 with 200 nurses working in hospitals in Qom, Iran using the stratified sampling method.

Advanced multiplexed electrochemical nanobiosensors for simultaneous detection of BK polyomavirus miRNAs in renal transplants.

BK Polyomavirus (BKPyV)-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) is a leading cause of kidney transplant graft loss. Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a common technique for quantifying BK Polyomavirus (BKPyV) viral loads, it lacks optimal sensitivity due to variations in sample type and source, DNA extraction techniques, primer and probe sequences, and the BKPyV strain DNA used for standard-curve genotype variance, all of which can affect the results. Studies have shown that bkv-miR-B1-5p and bkv-miR-B1-3p can be suitable candidates for the diagnosis of nephropathy in kidney transplant recipients, especially in the early stages of the disease.

Psychometric properties of the Persian version of Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM) in Iranian university students and clinical samples.

The Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM) assesses the Boldness, Meanness, and Disinhibition dimensions of psychopathy. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Persian TriPM in university students (n = 941, aged 18-67, M = 28.36, SD = 9.

Microwave-assisted [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of dicyanoepoxides with benzylidene Meldrum's acids.

The [3 + 2] cycloaddition of dicyanoepoxides with benzylidene Meldrum's acid under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions was explored for the synthesis of trioxaspirodecanes. This method presents a highly diastereo- and regioselective route to spiro cycloadducts, delivering similar stereoselectivity to conventional reflux in toluene but with shorter reaction times and improved yields.

Exogenous dopamine application ameliorates chilling injury and preserves quality of kiwifruit during cold storage.

This study investigated the mechanisms employed by exogenous dopamine application in alleviating chilling injury in kiwifruits during storage at 1 °C for 120 days. Our results indicated that dopamine treatment at 150 µM alleviated chilling injury in kiwifruits during storage at 1 °C for 120 days. By 150 µM dopamine application, higher SUMO E3 ligase (SIZ1) and target of rapamycin (TOR) genes expression accompanied by lower poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) and sucrose non-fermenting 1-related kinase 1 (SnRK1) genes expression was associated with higher salicylic acid, ATP, NADPH and proline accumulation in kiwifruits during storage at 1 °C for 120 days.

Multipurpose packaging system based on intelligent carboxymethyl cellulose film and activated cellulose acetate electrospun nanofibers for seafoods.

The objective of this research is to develop a natural macromolecules-based smart double-layer film using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film containing pomegranate peel anthocyanins (PPA) and cellulose acetate nanofibers (CANFs) with Artemisia sieberi Besser essential oil-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (ABNLCs). Based on the performance as a color indicator, and other studied properties, the CMC/PPA 8 % film was selected as the optimized film. The double-layer film was constructed by electrospinning the CANFs containing ABNLCs on the optimized CMC film.

Enhanced restoration of visual code after targeting ON bipolar cells compared with retinal ganglion cells with optogenetic therapy.

Optogenetic therapy is a promising vision restoration method where light-sensitive opsins are introduced to the surviving inner retina following photoreceptor degeneration. The cell type targeted for opsin expression will likely influence the quality of restored vision. However, a like-for-like preclinical comparison of visual responses evoked following equivalent opsin expression in the two major targets, ON bipolar (ON BCs) or retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), is absent.

Investigating the effectiveness of ailurophobia treatment using virtual reality technique compared to metacognitive therapy: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Fear of cats as a specific phobia disorder can cause disruption in some aspects of the affected people's lives. On the other hand, due to the fact that the two approaches of metacognitive treatment and behavioral therapy methods such as virtual reality are considered common treatment methods in anxiety disorders; It seems that it is necessary to examine the two approaches based on the effectiveness, durability and cost-benefit issue to present and introduce to therapists.

Methods: The present study was a Randomized Clinical Trial study that was conducted on 28 patients with Ailurophobia.

Enhancing Food Security via selecting Superior Camelina (Camelina sativa L.) parents: a positive approach incorporating pheno-morphological traits, fatty acids composition, and Tocopherols Content.

Background: Preserving plant genetic resources is essential for tackling global food security challenges. Effectively meeting future agricultural demands requires comprehensive and efficient assessments of genetic diversity in breeding programs and germplasm from gene banks. This research investigated the diversity of pheno-morphological traits, along with the fatty acid and tocopherol content and composition, in 135 double haploid lines of camelina.

Titanium dioxide -mediated regulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, pigments, and diosgenin content promotes cold stress tolerance in Trigonella foenum-graecum L.

Abiotic stresses, notably cold stress, significantly influence various aspects of plant development and reproduction. Various approaches have been proposed to counteract the adverse impacts of cold stress on plant productivity. The unique properties of nanoparticles contribute to an enhanced tolerance of plants to challenging conditions.

Neuroprotective effects of quercetin on hippocampal CA1 neurons following middle cerebral artery ischemia‒reperfusion in male rats: a behavioral, biochemical, and histological study.

Introduction: Cerebral ischemic strokes cause brain damage, primarily through inflammatory factors. One of the regions most affected by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) is the hippocampus, specifically the CA1 area, which is highly susceptible to ischemia. Previous studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory properties of quercetin.

Pulmonologists-level lung cancer detection based on standard blood test results and smoking status using an explainable machine learning approach.

Lung cancer (LC) remains the primary cause of cancer-related mortality, largely due to late-stage diagnoses. Effective strategies for early detection are therefore of paramount importance. In recent years, machine learning (ML) has demonstrated considerable potential in healthcare by facilitating the detection of various diseases.

Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitory potential of 1H-indole-based-meldrum linked 1H-1,2,3-triazoles as new anticancer derivatives: In-vitro and in-silico studies.

In this present work, we describe the syntheses of a new series of 32 1H-indole-based-meldrum linked 1H-1,2,3-triazole derivatives (2-13, 15a-15f, 16a-16f, 17a-17f and 19a, 19b, 20a), which constitute a new class of 1H-1,2,3-triazoles. Compounds 15a-15f, 16a-16f, 17a-17f have been prepared by employing "click" reactions between substituted 1H-indole-based meldrum alkynes (11, 12 and 13) and substituted aromatic azides (14a-14f) in the presence of copper iodide (CuI) and Hünig's base. Then, the synthesis of compounds 19, 20 through decomposition of meldrum moiety.

Correction: Ebrahimi, A.; Czarnuch, S. Automatic Super-Surface Removal in Complex 3D Indoor Environments Using Iterative Region-Based RANSAC. 2021, , 3724.

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Comparison of dry needling with exercise and exercise alone on spasticity, range of motion, and function of post-stroke chronic spastic patients.

Introduction: Stroke is a common cause of disability and death in adults, with spasticity being a common post-stroke complication that can significantly affect patients' quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the impact of exercise therapy alone versus exercise therapy combined with dry needling on clinical outcomes in patients with chronic spasticity after stroke.

Methods: Forty patients were randomly assigned to either a control or intervention group.

An overview on the interaction between non-coding RNAs and CTLA-4 gene in human diseases.

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), in conjunction with PD-1 and CD28, plays a pivotal role in the modulation of T-cell activation. Specifically, CTLA-4 exerts its influence by impeding the generation of IL-2 and the proliferation of T cells. CTLA-4, being a receptor with a high affinity, engages in competitive binding with CD28 for the interaction with primary T-cell activator molecules, specifically CD80 and CD86.

The role of mir-7-5p in cancer: function, prognosis, diagnosis, and therapeutic implications.

One of the important and conserved microRNAs (miRNAs), miR-7-5p, is involved in several pathological mechanisms, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and metastasis. Dysregulation of this miRNA's expression is correlated with multiple diseases, especially cancer. Its role as a tumor suppressor has been demonstrated in various types of cancer, such as colorectal cancer, lung cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer, and glioblastoma.

Impact of the Marangoni phenomenon on the different Enhanced Oil Recovery methods.

The occurrence of the Marangoni phenomenon is due to the surface tension gradient within a system, resulting in the creation of a convective flow from low surface tension to high surface tension points. This phenomenon arises from changes in solvent concentration, temperature and electric charge. In the context of the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process, changing solvent concentration at the interface of two fluids in matrix fracturing systems caused by gas injection (in immiscible, immiscible and near-miscible conditions) and surfactant flooding, can enhance oil recovery by increasing the Marangoni effect.

Search for Soft Unclustered Energy Patterns in Proton-Proton Collisions at 13 TeV.

The first search for soft unclustered energy patterns (SUEPs) is performed using an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data at sqrt[s]=13  TeV, collected in 2016-2018 by the CMS detector at the LHC. Such SUEPs are predicted by hidden valley models with a new, confining force with a large 't Hooft coupling. In events with boosted topologies, selected by high-threshold hadronic triggers, the multiplicity and sphericity of clustered tracks are used to reject the background from standard model quantum chromodynamics.