Fostering Ubuntu in Black Adolescents: Group Counseling as a Pathway to Advocacy.

Using the philosophy of Ubuntu (I am because we are), a grant-funded group for African American, inner-city youth between the ages of 14 and 18 was implemented and studied. Five group members participated in the six-week blended model group intervention that culminated in an agreed-upon social justice project. During sessions, participants discussed issues in five main areas: school, home, community, friendships, and internal issues.

White adoptive parents of children from China, microaggressions, and parental awareness of bias.

In this study, we explored racial microaggressions (RMAs) and adoption microaggressions (AMAs) experienced and committed by white adoptive parents of transracial adoptees. Two research questions guided this inquiry: (a) What types of RMAs and AMAs do white adoptive parents of children adopted from China experience and commit? and (b) how is white adoptive parental awareness of race and adoption related to their committing of microaggressions? Based on qualitative coding of interviews conducted with 39 white adoptive parents of Chinese adoptees, the most frequently coded AMA was for experienced AMAs and for committed AMAs. was the most experienced RMA, and was the most committed RMA.

The intersection of race and adoption: Experiences of transracial and international adoptees with microaggressions.

Adoption has been viewed as inferior to birthing, carrying social stigma which has resulted in members of the adoption triad, specifically adoptees, experiencing discrimination at all levels of the ecological system (Baden, 2016; Wegar, 2000). Transracial and international adoptees holding marginalized racial or ethnic identities contend with discrimination around their adoption status and their racial designation. Unique to the transracial adoptee experience is belonging to families who do not share their racial and cultural backgrounds.