Anthropometric weight estimation is less accurate than visual weight estimation in forensic postmortem cases in a Swiss population.

When the time since death must be calculated forensic pathologists often consider a calculation based on the Henssge nomogram. This calculation requires an estimated body weight. Previous research has indicated that healthcare workers generally inaccurately guessed patients' body weights.

PTB airway compression complicated by vascular abnormalities and cardiac involvement: A case series demonstrating diagnosis and management.

Introduction: Lymphobronchial tuberculosis (LBTB) is a tuberculous lymphadenopathy causing airway compression in young children. While it can occur in older children due to factors such as airway size, wall weakness, and immune reconstitutions, severe airway obstruction is more common in younger children.

Methods: Chest X-rays show airway compression, while bronchoscopy is the gold standard for confirming TB-induced airway compression.

EphA3-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cells are effective in glioma and generate curative memory T cell responses.

Background: High-grade gliomas including glioblastoma (GBM) and diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) represent the most lethal and aggressive brain cancers where current treatment modalities offer limited efficacy. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies have emerged as a promising strategy, boasting tumor-specific targeting and the unique ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. However, the effective clinical application hinges on the optimal choice of antigen, with a limited number, currently under investigation.

A survey of students' experiences of returning to midwifery studies after maternity leave: A pilot survey.

Aim: To identify the barriers and facilitators having an impact on the progression and completion of studies for students who give birth during their midwifery program.

Background: Balancing the demands of pregnancy and new motherhood with the rigorous academic requirements of a tertiary-level midwifery program is challenging for students wishing to progress and complete their studies. Understanding the barriers and facilitators students face when resuming midwifery studies following birth can assist universities in providing educational environments that support students in achieving their midwifery education.

Safety and biological outcomes following a phase 1 trial of GD2-specific CAR-T cells in patients with GD2-positive metastatic melanoma and other solid cancers.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies specific for the CD19 and B-cell maturation antigen have become an approved standard of care worldwide for relapsed and refractory B-cell malignancies. If CAR-T cell therapy for non-hematological malignancies is to achieve the same stage of clinical development, then iterative early-phase clinical testing can add value to the clinical development process for evaluating CAR-T cell products containing different CAR designs and manufactured under differing conditions.

Methods: We conducted a phase 1 trial of third-generation GD2-specific CAR-T cell therapy, which has previously been tested in neuroblastoma patients.

How the type of dairy production system affects the nutrient balance from an environmental and economic perspective.

The knowledge of nutrient flow in dairy farms has to be explored to find optimized strategies for efficient nutrient conversion to milk. This study aims to improve the understanding of variances in nitrogen and phosphorus balance and efficiency indicators between dairy farm systems. The study analyzed 67 dairy cattle farms located in the watershed Lajeado Tacongava, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.

Cryoprobe for Endoscopic Enucleation in Children with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Effective but Not Without Danger - Case Report and Review of Literature.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) in children under 15 years often results in airway compression, with bronchus intermedius (BI) being the most common site. Endoscopic enucleations can be used to remove lymph nodes and establish an airway in severe cases. Both rigid and flexible bronchoscopy are suitable, with alligator forceps being preferred for its ability to extract tissue.

Development of A Micro-CT Scanner with Dual-Energy Option and Endovascular Contrast Agent Administration Protocol for Fetal and Neonatal Virtual Autopsy.

The rate of parental consent for fetal and perinatal autopsy is decreasing, whereas parents are more likely to agree to virtual autopsy by non-invasive imaging methods. Fetal and perinatal virtual autopsy needs high-resolution and good soft-tissue contrast for investigation of the cause of death and underlying trauma or pathology in fetuses and stillborn infants. This is offered by micro-computed tomography (CT), as opposed to the limited resolution provided by clinical CT scanners, and this is one of the most promising tools for non-invasive perinatal postmortem imaging.

Effective γδ T-cell clinical therapies: current limitations and future perspectives for cancer immunotherapy.

γδ T cells are a unique subset of T lymphocytes, exhibiting features of both innate and adaptive immune cells and are involved with cancer immunosurveillance. They present an attractive alternative to conventional T cell-based immunotherapy due, in large part, to their lack of major histocompatibility (MHC) restriction and ability to secrete high levels of cytokines with well-known anti-tumour functions. To date, clinical trials using γδ T cell-based immunotherapy for a range of haematological and solid cancers have yielded limited success compared with studies.

Therapeutic approaches of diametaphyseal radius fractures in children.

Background: There are clear standards for when to operate on both distal epiphyseal and diaphyseal forearm fractures in children. However, paediatric surgeons are often faced with fractures in the transition zone between metaphysis and diaphysis. This aim of the study is to compare different treatment approaches for diametaphyseal forearm fractures, to classify different types of these fractures, and to define further assessment parameters and treatment recommendations.

Desmoglein-2 as a cancer modulator: friend or foe?

Desmoglein-2 (DSG2) is a calcium-binding single pass transmembrane glycoprotein and a member of the large cadherin family. Until recently, DSG2 was thought to only function as a cell adhesion protein embedded within desmosome junctions designed to enable cells to better tolerate mechanical stress. However, additional roles for DSG2 outside of desmosomes are continuing to emerge, particularly in cancer.

Classification of rib fracture types from postmortem computed tomography images using deep learning.

Human or time resources can sometimes fall short in medical image diagnostics, and analyzing images in full detail can be a challenging task. With recent advances in artificial intelligence, an increasing number of systems have been developed to assist clinicians in their work. In this study, the objective was to train a model that can distinguish between various fracture types on different levels of hierarchical taxonomy and detect them on 2D-image representations of volumetric postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) data.

Targeting the dendritic cell-T cell axis to develop effective immunotherapies for glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma is an aggressive primary brain tumor that has seen few advances in treatments for over 20 years. In response to this desperate clinical need, multiple immunotherapy strategies are under development, including CAR-T cells, immune checkpoint inhibitors, oncolytic viruses and dendritic cell vaccines, although these approaches are yet to yield significant clinical benefit. Potential reasons for the lack of success so far include the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, the blood-brain barrier, and systemic changes to the immune system driven by both the tumor and its treatment.

The impact of abortion doulas on women and providers' outcomes: An integrative review of the evidence.

The aim of this integrative review is to map the literature on the impact of abortion doulas on women and abortion care providers. This review followed a modified Whittemore and Knafl framework and PRISMA guidelines. Electronic databases (Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, Proquest, EMBASE, and PsycINFO) were searched using key terms: abortion and doula.

Augmented reality in forensics and forensic medicine - Current status and future prospects.

Forensic investigations require a vast variety of knowledge and expertise of each specialist involved. With the increase in digitization and advanced technical possibilities, the traditional use of a computer with a screen for visualization and a mouse and keyboard for interactions has limitations, especially when visualizing the content in relation to the real world. Augmented reality (AR) can be used in such instances to support investigators in various tasks at the scene as well as later in the investigation process.

Plasma glycoproteomic biomarkers identify metastatic melanoma patients with reduced clinical benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

The clinical success of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in both resected and metastatic melanoma has confirmed the validity of therapeutic strategies that boost the immune system to counteract cancer. However, half of patients with metastatic disease treated with even the most aggressive regimen do not derive durable clinical benefit. Thus, there is a critical need for predictive biomarkers that can identify individuals who are unlikely to benefit with high accuracy so that these patients may be spared the toxicity of treatment without the likely benefit of response.

Bevacizumab-Induced Hypertension in Glioblastoma Patients and Its Potential as a Modulator of Treatment Response.

Glioblastoma invasion is the primary mechanism responsible for its dismal prognosis and is the direct result of interactions between glioblastoma cells and the tumor vasculature. The dysregulated microvasculature in glioblastoma tumors and vessels co-opted from surrounding brain tissue support rapid tumor growth and are utilized as pathways for invasive cancer cells. Attempts to target the glioblastoma vasculature with antiangiogenic agents (eg, bevacizumab) have nonetheless shown limited and inconsistent efficacy, and the underlying causes of such heterogeneous responses remain unknown.