Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Differentiates Infections from Sterile Inflammation in First Week of Acute Pancreatitis.

Background: Differentiating infections from sterile inflammation is crucial in early AP management.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the capability of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and procalcitonin to differentiate between sterile inflammation and infections in the first week of AP and to analyze the source, microbiological profile, and impact of infections in AP.

Methods: Consecutive patients presenting within 5 days of symptom onset were included.

Advanced Endoscopic Techniques to Detect Prevalence of Synchronous Oesophageal Cancers in Patients with Head and Neck Cancers.

Objective: To study the prevalence of synchronous oesophageal cancer in patients with head and neck cancers using Narrow Band Imaging and Lugol's chromoendoscopy.

Materials And Methods: Study design: Prospective cross sectional diagnostic study. Method: 63 recruited patients with head and neck cancers, underwent haematologic evaluation, histological confirmation, imaging which included contrast enhanced computerised tomography(CECT) of the Neck and when indicated an additional Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) scan followed by UGI endoscopy using white light followed by Narrow Band Imaging(NBI) and Lugol's chromoendoscopy(LCE).

Imbalance in the vWF - ADAMTS13 axis exists early in acute pancreatitis and predicts persistent organ failure and pancreatic necrosis-a prospective study.

Background: The pathophysiology of Acute Pancreatitis (AP) may be complicated by endothelial activation. von Willebrand Factor (vWF)- ADAMTS13 axis is a marker of endothelial activation. The study aimed to investigate the axis in AP, comparing it in patients with and without persistent organ failure (OF), with and without pancreatic necrosis, and correlating it with the standard severity scores (CRP, APACHE II, BISAP, SOFA, and qSOFA) METHODS: vWF-Antigen (vWF:Ag), vWF-Collagen-Binding-Assay (vWF:CBA), and ADAMTS13 activity (ADAMTS13:act) levels were measured within 5 days of symptom onset in consecutive patients (n = 98), who were admitted with a first episode of AP (Dec 2021-May 2023).

Bile Culture May Guide Antibiotic Stewardship in Acute Bacterial Cholangitis.

Background: Bile cultures are often sent with blood cultures in patients with acute bacterial cholangitis.

Aims: To assess the yield of blood and bile cultures in patients with cholangitis and the clinical utility of bile cultures in guiding therapy.

Methods: All patients diagnosed with cholangitis, based on the Tokyo 2013/2018 guidelines were recruited retrospectively over ten years.

Clinical profile of 1208 newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients in Tamil Nadu-A multi-centric survey.

Background: An increasing incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is being reported in developing countries, including India. Most Indian studies on CRC are retrospective and single-centered. The present study is an attempt to understand the current clinical profile and stage of newly diagnosed CRCs across multiple centers in Tamil Nadu, India.

Clinical profile and treatment outcomes of Boerhaave's syndrome: A 13-year experience from an upper gastrointestinal surgical unit.

Objectives: IBoerhaave's syndrome (BS) is a rare, but potentially fatal condition, characterized by barogenic esophageal rupture and carries a high mortality. We aimed to study our institutional experience of managing patients with BS.

Material And Methods: A retrospective review of patients with BS presenting to a tertiary care centre from 2005 to 2018 was carried out in this study.

Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Early-Onset Idiopathic Chronic Pancreatitis.

Background: Early-onset idiopathic chronic pancreatitis (EOICP) is a disease that affects young individuals. Data on pregnancy outcomes in EOICP are limited.

Aim: To assess the pregnancy outcomes in patients with EOICP and the effect of pregnancy on the course of EOICP.

Low Serum Hepcidin Levels in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis - Implications for Treatment of Co-existent Iron-Deficiency Anemia.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is often associated with anemia. Hepcidin, the central regulator of iron homeostasis, is known to be induced by inflammation and suppressed by anemia. It is not clear how hepcidin is affected in those with UC, when both inflammation and anemia may co-exist.

Common polymorphisms of protein tyrosine phosphate non-receptor type 2 gene are not associated with risk of Crohn's disease in Indian.

Background: Multiple genetic risk factors for Crohn's disease (CD) have been identified. However, these observations are not consistent across different populations. The protein tyrosine phosphate non-receptor type 2 () gene plays a role in various aspects of host defense including epithelial barrier function, autophagy, and innate and adaptive immune response.

Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Enterography Global Score (MEGS) with indices of Crohn's disease activity in South Asian population.

Purpose: Assessment of disease activity in Crohn's helps predict important clinical outcomes. Among the various modalities available to assess disease activity, magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) is considered a safe and reliable imaging option. Various MRE-based scoring systems have been developed to measure disease activity, one of which being the MRE global score (MEGS).

Prevalence of serological markers of hepatitis B in inflammatory bowel disease - Experience from a tertiary care centre in South India.

Inflammatory bowel disease patients are at risk of hepatitis B infection. Data on this prevalence from South Asia are limited. We conducted a prospective study comprising of 76 inflammatory bowel disease patients between October 2013 and August 2014.

Self-expanding metal stent in esophageal perforations and anastomotic leaks.

Background And Aims: Placement of self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) has emerged as a minimally invasive treatment option for esophageal perforation and leaks. The aim of our study was to assess the role of SEMS for the management of benign esophageal diseases such as perforations and anastomotic leaks.

Methods: All patients (n = 26) who underwent SEMS placement for esophageal perforation and anastomotic leaks between May 2012 and February 2019 were included.

Acoustic radiation force impulse imaging of pancreas in patients with early onset idiopathic recurrent acute pancreatitis.

Background And Aims: Patients with recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) may progress to chronic pancreatitis (CP). A critical step in this progression is the development of fibrosis. Elastography has been used to assess degree of fibrosis by measurement of shear wave velocity (SWV).

Immediate and long-term outcome of corrosive ingestion.

Background: Corrosive ingestion (CI) has short- and long-term consequences. The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of mucosal injury grade ≥ 2A.

Methods: Consecutive patients between January 2008 and January 2015 who presented within 48 h of CI were included.

Does fecal calprotectin equally and accurately measure disease activity in small bowel and large bowel Crohn's disease?: a systematic review.

Fecal calprotectin (FC) is a highly sensitive disease activity biomarker in inflammatory bowel disease. However, there are conflicting reports on whether the diagnostic accuracy in Crohn's disease is influenced by disease location. The aim of this study was to undertake a systematic review of the published literature.

A Simple Pre-endoscopy Score for Predicting Risk of Malignancy in Patients with Dyspepsia: A 5-Year Prospective Study.

Background: The guidelines for performing endoscopy in dyspeptic patients based on clinical parameters alone have shown variable performance, and there is a need for better prediction tools.

Aim: We aimed to prospectively develop and validate a simple clinical-cum-laboratory test-based scoring model to identify dyspeptic patients with high risk of upper gastrointestinal malignancy (UGIM).

Methods: Adult patients with dyspeptic symptoms were prospectively recruited over 5 years.

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency: Comparing fecal elastase 1 with 72-h stool for fecal fat estimation.

Introduction: Identification of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) is important in the management of chronic pancreatitis. The 72-h stool for fecal fat estimation (FFE) has long been considered a gold standard indirect test for the diagnosis of PEI. However, the test is cumbersome for both patients and laboratory personnel alike.

Endoscopic ultrasonography in pediatric patients--Experience from a tertiary care center in India.

Background And Aims: Although endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is used in the management of various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in adults, data on its role in children is limited. This study evaluated the indications, safety, and impact of EUS in children.

Methods: Records of children (<18 years age) who underwent EUS between January 2006 and September 2014 were reviewed retrospectively and analyzed.

The differentiation of amebic colitis from inflammatory bowel disease on endoscopic mucosal biopsies.

Background: Intestinal amebiasis is one of the important differential diagnoses of Inflammatory Bowel Disorders in areas where it is highly prevalent.

Aim: Studies comparing the clinical, endoscopic and histological features of these disorders have never been done, so we undertook this study.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study comparing mucosal biopsies of 14 consecutive cases of intestinal amebiasis with 14 cases of Ulcerative colitis and 12 cases of Crohn's disease.