Malaria burden and associated risk factors among malaria suspected patients attending health facilities in Kaffa zone, Southwest Ethiopia.

Background: Ethiopia has been progressing very well in controlling malaria in the past few years. However, shortly after the COVID-19 pandemic, an unpredictable malaria resurgence was observed in almost all malaria-endemic areas of the country, although the exact cause of which has not yet been identified. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate malaria burden and associated risk factors in one of the endemic zones of Ethiopia.

In vivo efficacy of chloroquine plus primaquine combination therapy against uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria in Limu Kossa District, Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia.

Background: Plasmodium vivax is the second most common malaria parasite in Ethiopia. It has been treated with chloroquine (CQ) for the past seven decades. However, the emergence of CQ-resistant strains in the nation urged the Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia to review its national malaria treatment guideline in 2018.

Recombinant expression and characterization of GSTd3 from a resistant population of Anopheles arabiensis and comparison of DDTase activity with GSTe2.

The development of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors is a challenge for the global effort to control and eradicate malaria. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are multifunctional enzymes involved in the detoxification of many classes of insecticides. For mosquitoes, it is known that overexpression of an epsilon GST, GSTe2, confers resistance towards DDT and pyrethroids.

Residual efficacy of SumiShield™ 50WG for indoor residual spraying in Ethiopia.

Background: The rate of decay of the biological efficacy of insecticides used for indoor residual spraying (IRS) is an important factor when making decisions on insecticide choice for national malaria control programmes. A key roadblock to IRS programme is insecticide resistance. If resistance is detected to most of the existing insecticides used for IRS (DDT, pyrethroids, organophosphates and carbamates), the logical next choice could be neonicotinoid insecticides, as pyrethroids are used to treat nets.

Composition of mosquito fauna and insecticide resistance status of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato in Itang special district, Gambella, Southwestern Ethiopia.

Background: Anopheles arabiensis, member species of the Anopheles gambiae complex, is the primary vector of malaria and is widely distributed in Ethiopia. Anopheles funestus, Anopheles pharoensis and Anopheles nili are secondary vectors occurring with limited distribution in the country. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are pillars for the interventions against malaria control and elimination efforts in Ethiopia.