Accreditation systems for midwifery training programs worldwide: A scoping review.

Accreditation of midwifery training programs aims to improve the quality of midwifery education and care. The study aimed to diagnose the accreditation systems of midwifery programs worldwide, identifying characteristics, standards, and differences. According to Arksey and O'Malley's framework, a scoping review was conducted by searching databases, grey literature, and accreditation system websites.

Social Determinants of Health in Women With Heart Failure: Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Objective: The social determinants of health (SDoH) account for 80%-90% of modifiable contributors to health outcomes for chronic diseases such as heart failure. Knowledge gaps exist on how SDoH influences hospitalization rates in women with heart failure. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between the baseline SDoH status of women with heart failure with subsequent all-cause and cardiovascular hospitalization.

p97/VCP drives turnover of SUMOylated centromeric CCAN proteins and CENP-A.

The centromere is a unique chromatin domain that links sister chromatids and forms the attachment site for spindle microtubules in mitosis. Centromere inheritance is largely DNA sequence-independent but strongly reliant on a self-propagating chromatin domain featuring nucleosomes containing the H3 variant CENP-A. Unlike other histones, CENP-A is maintained with unusually high stability in chromatin.

OxVent: Design and evaluation of a rapidly-manufactured Covid-19 ventilator.

Background: The manufacturing of any standard mechanical ventilator cannot rapidly be upscaled to several thousand units per week, largely due to supply chain limitations. The aim of this study was to design, verify and perform a pre-clinical evaluation of a mechanical ventilator based on components not required for standard ventilators, and that met the specifications provided by the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) for rapidly-manufactured ventilator systems (RMVS).

Methods: The design utilises closed-loop negative feedback control, with real-time monitoring and alarms.

Viewing Art in Different Contexts.

While aesthetic experiences are not limited to any particular context, their sensorial, cognitive and behavioral properties can be profoundly affected by the circumstances in which they occur. Given the ubiquitous nature of contextual effects in nearly all aspects of behavior, investigations aimed at delineating the context-dependent and context-independent aspects of aesthetic experience and engagement with aesthetic objects in a diverse range of settings are important in empirical aesthetics. Here, we analyze the viewing behavior of visitors ( = 19) freely viewing 15 paintings in the 20th-century Australian collection room at the Art Gallery of New South Wales.

Trends in Hospitalization for Infective Endocarditis as a Reason for Admission or a Secondary Diagnosis.

We postulate that the trends for infective endocarditis (IE) are different for patients admitted for this condition compared with those admitted for a different reason with IE as a secondary diagnosis. Using the Myocardial Infarction Data Acquisition System (MIDAS) database, we analyzed 21,443 records of patients hospitalized with diagnosis of IE from 1994 to 2015. There were 9,191 patients hospitalized with IE as the primary diagnosis, and 12,252 patients with IE as a secondary diagnosis.

Concussion and National Hockey League Player Performance: An Advanced Hockey Metrics Analysis.

Context: Postconcussion deficits in neurocognitive performance and postural control may persist at the time of return to sport participation. How these deficits, if present, affect athletic performance is largely unknown, with prior studies showing mixed results.

Objective: To evaluate postconcussion National Hockey League player performance using advanced hockey metrics over short- (5 games), medium- (10 games), and long-term (remainder of the season) seasonal performance.

The plant cysteine oxidases from are kinetically tailored to act as oxygen sensors.

Group VII thylene esponse actors (ERF-VIIs) regulate transcriptional adaptation to flooding-induced hypoxia in plants. ERF-VII stability is controlled in an O-dependent manner by the Cys/Arg branch of the N-end rule pathway whereby oxidation of a conserved N-terminal cysteine residue initiates target degradation. This oxidation is catalyzed by lant ysteine xidases (PCOs), which use O as cosubstrate to generate Cys-sulfinic acid.

FTLD-ALS of TDP-43 type and SCA2 in a family with a full ataxin-2 polyglutamine expansion.

Polyglutamine expansions in the ataxin-2 gene (ATXN2) cause autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2), but have recently also been associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We present clinical and pathological features of a family in which a pathological ATXN2 expansion led to frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ALS (FTLD-ALS) in the index case, but typical SCA2 in a son, and compare the neuropathology with a case of typical SCA2. The index case shares the molecular signature of SCA2 with prominent polyglutamine and p62-positive intranuclear neuronal inclusions mainly in the pontine nuclei, while harbouring more pronounced neocortical and spinal TDP-43 pathology.

Reduced C9orf72 protein levels in frontal cortex of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal degeneration brain with the C9ORF72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion.

An intronic G(4)C(2) hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is a major cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Several mechanisms including RNA toxicity, repeat-associated non-AUG translation mediated dipeptide protein aggregates, and haploinsufficiency of C9orf72 have been implicated in the molecular pathogenesis of this disorder. The aims of this study were to compare the use of two different Southern blot probes for detection of repeat expansions in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration pathological cohort and to determine the levels of C9orf72 transcript variants and protein isoforms in patients versus control subjects.

A retrospective review of leg wound complications after coronary artery bypass surgery.

Little research or attention has been paid to finding out whether wound closure with sutures or staples attains the best outcomes after saphenous vein harvest for coronary artery bypass grafting. We undertook a quality improvement project to compare the prevalence of leg wound complications (eg, infection, seroma, hematoma, dehiscence) between two types of skin closure (ie, staples, subcuticular sutures) after conventional open surgery with bridging between incisions and vein harvesting during coronary revascularization to determine the need for practice changes. We found no significant differences between patients with wound complications and those without.

Multitarget ligands in antibacterial research: progress and opportunities.

Introduction: Resistance to current antibacterial therapies is an inevitability that represents a significant global health concern. Bacteria have the capacity to render all current drug treatments ineffective, which places a demand on the drug discovery community to constantly develop new antibacterial agents. Compounds that inhibit multiple biological targets, often referred to as multitarget ligands, are an inviting prospect in antibacterial research because, although they will not solve the issue of resistance, they might help to delay the onset.

Peptidomimetic inhibitors of bacterial peptide deformylase.

A series of N-formyl hydroxylamine peptide deformylase inhibitors containing a cyclic azaamino acid moiety between the P1' and P3' substituents are presented. Selected compounds display antibacterial activity against pathogens associated with respiratory tract infections with representative compounds showing excellent MICs against Haemophilus influenzae.

mGluR4 positive allosteric modulators with potential for the treatment of Parkinson's disease: WO09010455.

Stimulation of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4) represents a promising new approach to the symptomatic treatment of the neurodegenerative disorder Parkinson's disease (PD). Preclinical models using both agonists and positive allosteric modulators of mGluR4 have demonstrated the potential for this receptor for the treatment of PD. The present article evaluates a recent patent filed by Addex Pharma S.

An in silico method for predicting Ames activities of primary aromatic amines by calculating the stabilities of nitrenium ions.

In this paper, we describe an in silico first principal approach to predict the mutagenic potential of primary aromatic amines. This approach is based on the so-called "nitrenium hypothesis", which was developed by Ford et al. in the early 1990s.

DNA gyrase (GyrB)/topoisomerase IV (ParE) inhibitors: synthesis and antibacterial activity.

The synthesis and antibacterial activities of three chemotypes of DNA supercoiling inhibitors based on imidazolo[1,2-a]pyridine and [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine scaffolds that target the ATPase subunits of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV (GyrB/ParE) is reported. The most potent scaffold was selected for optimization leading to a series with potent Gram-positive antibacterial activity and a low resistance frequency.

Antibacterial alkoxybenzamide inhibitors of the essential bacterial cell division protein FtsZ.

3-Methoxybenzamide is a weak inhibitor of the essential bacterial cell division protein FtsZ. Exploration of the structure-activity relationships of 3-methoxybenzamide analogues led to the identification of potent anti-staphylococcal compounds.

The discovery of AZD5597, a potent imidazole pyrimidine amide CDK inhibitor suitable for intravenous dosing.

The development of a novel series of imidazole pyrimidine amides as cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors is described. Optimisation of inhibitory potency against multiple CDK's (1, 2 and 9) resulted in imidazole pyrimidine amides with potent in vitro anti-proliferative effects against a range of cancer cell lines. Excellent physiochemical properties and large margins against inhibition of CYP isoforms and the hERG ion channel were achieved by modification of lipophilicity and amine basicity.

Design and campaign synthesis of piperidine- and thiazole-based histone deacetylase inhibitors.

A lead benzamide, 3, was identified as a potent and low molecular weight histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. Optimization led to 16d, demonstrating an excellent balance of efficacy and non-efficacy properties, along with very desirable in vivo DMPK. The final compounds presented are >1000-fold more potent than the initial screen hit, an improvement in potency which was achieved with a concomitant significant improvement in all the main non-efficacy properties.

Arylsulfonamide CB2 receptor agonists: SAR and optimization of CB2 selectivity.

A high-throughput screening campaign resulted in the discovery of a highly potent dual cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and 2 (CB2) agonist. Following a thorough SAR exploration, a series of selective CB2 full agonists were identified.

Design and synthesis of substituted pyridine derivatives as HIF-1alpha prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors.

Structure-guided de novo drug design led to the identification of a novel series of substituted pyridine derivatives as HIF-1alpha prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors. Pyridine carboxyamide derivatives bearing a substituted aryl group at the 5-position of the pyridine ring show appreciable activity, while constraining the side chain by placing a pyrazole carboxylic acid generated a potent lead series with consistent activity against EGLN-1.

Is the two week rule of any benefit to patients with oral cancer?

In the UK the government introduced the 'two week rule' for head and neck cancer in December 2000, which sought to guarantee that any patient with suspected cancer would be seen by a specialist within 2 weeks of being referred. Our aim was to find out whether referral under the 'two week rule' resulted in patients being given an appointment and starting treatment faster than those who had been referred urgently directly to a consultant surgeon. A retrospective review of case notes of all patients diagnosed with oral cancer over a six-month period showed that only 3 of 22 were referred under the 'two week rule'.