Blood pressure thresholds for the diagnosis of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in sickle cell disease.

In this retrospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies in people with sickle cell disease (SCD) delivered at two academic centres between 1990 and 2021, we collected demographic and SCD-related data, pregnancy outcomes, and the highest systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) at seven time periods. We compared the characteristics of subjects with new or worsening proteinuria (NWP) during pregnancy to those without. We then constructed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to determine the blood pressure (BP) that best identifies those with NWP.

Natural history of blood pressure in sickle cell disease pregnancy.

In this retrospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies in people with sickle cell disease (SCD) delivered at two academic centres between 1990 and 2021, we collected demographic and SCD-related data, pregnancy outcomes, and the highest systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) at seven time periods. We compared blood pressure values and trajectories in the composite cohort and in each genotype group to control values in a non-SCD pregnancy dataset. There were 290 pregnancies among 197 patients with SCD.

"Buprenorphine, It Works so Differently": Adults with Sickle Cell Disease Describe Transitioning to Buprenorphine for Treatment of Chronic Pain.

A growing body of literature describes the use of buprenorphine for the treatment of chronic pain in people with sickle cell disease. The experiences of people with sickle cell disease who have tried buprenorphine have not yet reported. This qualitative descriptive study was conducted to explore perspectives on buprenorphine for chronic pain in sickle cell disease.

Ion Selective Electrode (ISE) Method for Determination of Total Fluorine and Total Organic Fluorine in Packaging Substrates.

Various testing methods and techniques have been used to identify and quantify per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in food packaging. A common indirect measurement of PFAS is total fluorine (TF) and total organic fluorine (TOF). These methods are critical in rapidly screening food packaging materials for the >9000 PFAS and are often globally used for regulatory limits.

Determining health-related quality of life and health state utility values of recurrent urinary tract infections in women.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Health state utility values estimate an individual's valuation of their health-related quality of life. Despite prevalence of recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs), the health state utility value of rUTIs is unknown. The primary aim was to determine the utility value of rUTIs using the standard gamble (SG).

Comparisons of Severe Maternal Morbidity and Other Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant People With Sickle Cell Disease vs Anemia.

Importance: Pregnancy in sickle cell disease (SCD) is high risk, but whether prenatal anemia, which is treatable with red blood cell transfusions, is a mediator associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) is not known.

Objective: To compare rates and odds of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) and other APOs in pregnancies among individuals with SCD vs those without SCD but with prenatal anemia.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from 2012 to 2018 from the National Inpatient Sample, a nationally representative sample of 20% of acute hospital admissions in the United States.

Severe Maternal Morbidity and Mortality in Sickle Cell Disease in the National Inpatient Sample, 2012-2018.

Importance: Pregnancy outcomes are historically poor among people with sickle cell disease (SCD) in the US, most of whom have Black race. Whether outcomes have improved is unknown.

Objective: To tabulate adverse pregnancy outcomes among patients with SCD, comparing outcomes of deliveries among Black people with SCD with those of Black people without SCD and a control non-Black population, and to measure the association of racial disparities with adverse outcomes in SCD pregnancies.

The Montreal cognitive assessment as a cognitive screening tool in sickle cell disease: Associations with clinically significant cognitive domains.

Adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at risk for cognitive impairment, which causes significant morbidity. Guidelines support routine cognitive screening, but no screening test is validated in this population. We explored the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a possible screening test in SCD.

Literacy assessment of preimplantation genetic patient education materials exceed national reading levels.

Purpose: In vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic testing (IVF+PGT-M) reduces the risk of having a child affected by a heritable condition, yet only one-third of eligible patients are aware of this reproductive option. Access to education materials written at appropriate literacy levels could raise patients' awareness, but there is a mismatch between patient reading ability and the literacy demand of most materials. This study aimed to systematically identify written education materials on IVF+PGT-M and evaluate their literacy levels.

The 1-year economic burden of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) initially managed in the outpatient setting in the USA.

To assess the annual economic burden of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) initially managed in the outpatient setting. Patients with an outpatient diagnosis of CAP between January 2012 and December 2016 were identified from the IQVIA (Danbury, CT & Durham, NC, USA) Real-World Data Adjudicated Claims - US Database. All-cause and CAP-related healthcare resource utilization and costs were assessed over the 1-year follow-up.

The annual economic burden among patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP): a retrospective US cohort study.

To assess the 1-year economic burden among patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the US. Adult patients hospitalized for CAP between 1/2012 and 12/2016 were identified from the IQVIA hospital charge data master (CDM) linked to the IQVIA Real-World Data Adjudicated Claims - US Database (date of admission = index date). Patients had continuous enrollment 180-days pre- and 360-days post-index, and empiric antimicrobial treatment (monotherapy [EM] or combination therapy [EC]) and chest x-ray on the index date or day after.

Closing target trimming and CTTdocker programs for discovering hidden superfamily loci in genomes.

The contemporary capacity of genome sequence analysis significantly lags behind the rapidly evolving sequencing technologies. Retrieving biological meaningful information from an ever-increasing amount of genome data would be significantly beneficial for functional genomic studies. For example, the duplication, organization, evolution, and function of superfamily genes are arguably important in many aspects of life.

Differential effect of Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (PECAM-1) on leukocyte infiltration during contact hypersensitivity responses.

Background: 2'-4' Dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) induced contact hypersensitivity is an established model of contact sensitivity and leukocyte migration. Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (PECAM-1) deficient mice were used to examine the role of PECAM-1 in the migration capacity of several different leukocyte populations after primary and secondary application.

Results: γδ T lymphocytes, granulocytes, and Natural Killer cells were most affected by PECAM-1 deficiency at the primary site of application.

Specificity of peer difficulties to social anxiety in early adolescence: categorical and dimensional analyses with clinical and community samples.

Background And Objectives: We investigated the specificity of social difficulties to social anxiety by testing associations of social anxiety and other anxiety presentations with peer acceptance and victimization in community and treatment-seeking samples of adolescents aged 12-14 years.

Design: Cross-sectional, quantitative survey.

Methods: Adolescents from the community (n = 116) and a clinical setting (n = 154) completed ratings of anxiety symptoms, perceived social acceptance, and peer victimization.

Boys are victims too? Sexual dating violence and injury among high-risk youth.

Objective: Prior research with youth exposed to violence suggests that, in this high-risk population, boys may be victims of sexual teen dating violence (TDV) and injury as frequently as girls. We sought to replicate these findings with a demographically similar sample and to determine whether the findings could be attributed the high-risk nature of the sample by assessing the impact of violence exposure on sex differences.

Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 2577 youth (ages 11-18, M=15.

Potential of risk-based population guidelines to reduce cardiovascular risk in a large integrated health system.

Objectives: We evaluated an alternative way to implement guidelines using an automated risk calculator and risk-based decision tool to calculate patients' risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and recommend therapies. We compared such an approach with traditional guidelines.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study of 1,506,109 Kaiser Permanente Southern California members 35 years or older.

Cognitive and psychological functioning in focal dermal hypoplasia.

Focal dermal hypoplasia (FDH) is a condition caused by heterozygous mutation of the PORCN gene on chromosome Xp22.3. It impacts the primitive ectoderm and mesoderm, affecting skin, teeth, nails, hair, musculoskeletal development, and vision and hearing.

Drug-refractory aggression, self-injurious behavior, and severe tantrums in autism spectrum disorders: a chart review study.

Aggression, self-injurious behavior, and severe tantrums are impairing symptoms frequently experienced by individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Despite US Food and Drug Administration approval of two atypical antipsychotics targeting these symptoms in youth with autistic disorder, they remain frequently drug refractory. We define drug-refractory aggression, self-injurious behavior, and severe tantrums in people with autism spectrum disorders as behavioral symptoms requiring medication adjustment despite previous trials of risperidone and aripiprazole or previous trials of three psychotropic drugs targeting the symptom cluster, one of which was risperidone or aripiprazole.

Body mass index change in autism spectrum disorders: comparison of treatment with risperidone and aripiprazole.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess change in body mass index (BMI) and age- and gender-adjusted BMI Z-score in subjects ages 2-20 years with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), who were treated longitudinally with risperidone or aripiprazole at a tertiary care ASD clinic.

Method: As part of a larger project involving longitudinal drug treatment data in ASD, detailed demographic and treatment data were collected for 142 subjects ages 2-20 years who had been started on risperidone or aripiprazole for treatment of irritability. Mean age at start of treatment, treatment duration, final Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement Scale score, BMI change per year of treatment, and BMI Z-score change per year of treatment (primary outcome measure) were calculated for each drug treatment group.

Role of adolescent and maternal depressive symptoms on transactional emotion recognition: context and state affect matter.

Depressive symptomatology is associated with impaired recognition of emotion. Previous investigations have predominantly focused on emotion recognition of static facial expressions neglecting the influence of social interaction and critical contextual factors. In the current study, we investigated how youth and maternal symptoms of depression may be associated with emotion recognition biases during familial interactions across distinct contextual settings.

Brief report: Pilot single-blind placebo lead-in study of acamprosate in youth with autistic disorder.

Rationale: An excitatory/inhibitory (E:I) imbalance marked by enhanced glutamate and deficient gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission may contribute to the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

Objectives: We report on the first single-blind placebo lead-in trial of acamprosate, a drug with putative mechanisms restoring E:I imbalance, in twelve youth with ASD.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a 12-week single-blind, placebo lead-in study of acamprosate in youth age 5-17 years with autistic disorder.

Dysregulated fear predicts social wariness and social anxiety symptoms during kindergarten.

Fearful temperament is associated with risk for the development of social anxiety disorder in childhood; however, not all fearful children become anxious. Identifying maladaptive trajectories is thus important for clarifying which fearful children are at risk. In an unselected sample of 111 two-year-olds (55% male, 95% Caucasian), Buss ( 2011 ) identified a pattern of fearful behavior, dysregulated fear, characterized by high fear in low threat situations.