CAPTURA Regional Workshop Proceedings (28-30 June 2022, Virtual).

In response to the global threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the Capturing Data on Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Trends in Use in Regions of Asia (CAPTURA) project worked with microbiology laboratories, pharmacies, and local governments in South Asia and Southeast Asia to expand the volume of historical and current data available on AMR and antimicrobial use and to identify gaps in data and areas for quality improvement. When the CAPTURA project completed its country-level engagement in the first half of 2022, the consortium brought together local, regional, and global AMR stakeholders for a virtual regional workshop to review data outputs from the project and share strategies to inform national and regional efforts to combat AMR. This paper summarizes the main topics presented in the workshop held from 28 to 30 June 2022.

Men's Health in Northern Ireland: Why do we need a men's health policy?

Males accounted for half the United Kingdom population in 2021 yet they fail to be prioritised in health and social policies. As examining the health of males and females collectively falls short in accounting for the complexities associated with gendered health outcomes, male health should be considered as a separate policy issue. The island of Ireland has two jurisdictions, the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland (NI); however, only the former has implemented a men's health policy.

PROTOCOL: Education and Covid-19: An evidence and gap map.

This is the protocol for a Campbell evidence and gap map. The objectives are as follows: identify and map all existing primary studies, systematic reviews (published and unpublished), guidelines and policies on education during the Covid-19 pandemic, creating a live, searchable and publicly available evidence and gap map.

Expanded geographic distribution and dietary strategies of the earliest Oldowan hominins and .

The oldest Oldowan tool sites, from around 2.6 million years ago, have previously been confined to Ethiopia's Afar Triangle. We describe sites at Nyayanga, Kenya, dated to 3.

Effect of angioplasty and stent placement on sensorineural hearing loss and pulsatile tinnitus in a patient with severe internal carotid artery stenosis.

Background: Pulsatile tinnitus occurs due to turbulent blood flow through a stenotic vessel including the internal carotid artery. The presence of sensorineural hearing loss suggests involvement of the posterior circulation vasculature.

Clinical Presentation: A 58-year-old woman presented to the ear, nose and throat clinic with acute onset of right ear pulsations and high-pitched tinnitus.

Supervision for Certification in the Field of Applied Behaviour Analysis: Characteristics and Relationship with Job Satisfaction, Burnout, Work Demands, and Support.

: Supervision of behavior analysts seeking certification and supervision of service delivery are key processes in the provision of quality behaviour analytic services to individuals with developmental disabilities. Our study is the first to examine international supervisory practices within the field of applied behaviour analysis. : An online survey was distributed to 92 professionals internationally, assessing supervisory practice, supervisor support, work demands, job satisfaction, and burnout.

"Just not all ice users do that": investigating perceptions and potential harms of Australia's Ice Destroys Lives campaign in two studies.

Background: In 2015, the Australian government launched the media campaign Ice Destroys Lives targeting crystal methamphetamine use. Previous research indicates mass media campaigns may have harmful effects for people engaged in drug use. This study investigated perceptions and harms of Ice Destroys Lives among adults with a history of injecting drugs and young people.

Maxwell's equations-based dynamic laser-tissue interaction model.

Since its invention in the early 1960s, the laser has been used as a tool for surgical, therapeutic, and diagnostic purposes. To achieve maximum effectiveness with the greatest margin of safety it is important to understand the mechanisms of light propagation through tissue and how that light affects living cells. Lasers with novel output characteristics for medical and military applications are too often implemented prior to proper evaluation with respect to tissue optical properties and human safety.

Field calibration unit for ultraviolet spectroradiometers.

Horizontal standard lamps calibrate the spectral irradiance responsivity of spectroradiometers that measure solar ultraviolet irradiance. A field calibration unit and power supply developed to meet the requirements for using these standards in the field are described and their operation and associated uncertainties are detailed. Results from assessments obtained at two field instrument intercomparisons indicate that the horizontal standard, field calibration unit, and power supply operate within the design tolerances, making them suitable for performing routine calibrations in the field on most ultraviolet spectroradiometers.

Qualification of a fluorescence spectrometer for measuring true fluorescence spectra.

New analytical methods using fluorescence detection are becoming increasingly quantitative and require easy-to-use material standards for fluorometer qualification and method validation. NIST is responding to this need by developing and producing such standards. Reported here is the first step in this process, which is to qualify a research-grade fluorescence spectrometer for measuring true fluorescence spectra of reference material candidates.

Intratumoral heterogeneity of her-2/neu in invasive mammary carcinomas using fluorescence in-situ hybridization and tissue microarray.

Fluorescence in-situ hybridization is increasingly being used to determine HER-2/neu status in patients with breast carcinoma. The possibility that intratumoral heterogeneity of HER-2/neu gene amplification may potentially contribute to inaccurate assessment of HER-2/neu status was investigated in routine cases of invasive mammary carcinomas. From 169 representative formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks of invasive duct mammary carcinomas with grade 3 architecture, 48 cases were analyzed by fluorescence in-situ hybridization and 59 analyses were performed.

Standard reference material 2036 near-infrared reflection wavelength standard.

Standard Reference Material 2036 (SRM 2036) is a certified transfer standard intended for the verification and calibration of the wavelength/wavenumber scale of near-infrared (NIR) spectrometers operating in diffuse or trans-reflectance mode. SRM 2036 Near-Infrared Wavelength/Wavenumber Reflection Standard is a combination of a rare earth oxide glass of a composition similar to that of SRM 2035 Near-Infrared Transmission Wavelength/Wavenumber Standard and SRM 2065 Ultraviolet-Visible-Near-Infrared Transmission Wavelength/Wavenumber Standard, but is in physical contact with a piece of sintered poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE). The combination of glass contacted with a nearly ideal diffusely reflecting backing provides reflection-absorption bands that range from 15% R to 40% R.

A comparison of health information needs between patients at a suburban hospital-based clinic and two underserved inner city clinics.

A needs assessment was conducted and the results were analyzed to determine and compare the health information seeking habits and needs of outpatients at a suburban hospital-based clinic and at two clinics located in underserved areas of the inner city.

An international evaluation of holmium oxide solution reference materials for wavelength calibration in molecular absorption spectrophotometry.

Commercial spectrophotometers typically use absorption-based wavelength calibration reference materials to provide wavelength accuracy for their applications. Low-mass fractions of holmium oxide (Ho2O3) in dilute acidic aqueous solution and in glass matrixes have been favored for use as wavelength calibration materials on the basis of spectral coverage and absorption band shape. Both aqueous and glass Ho2O3 reference materials are available commercially and through various National Metrology Institutes (NMIs).

Quantitating Fluorescence Intensity from Fluorophore: The Definition of MESF Assignment.

The quantitation of fluorescence radiance may at first suggest the need to obtain the number of fluorophore that are responsible for the measured fluorescence radiance. This goal is beset by many difficulties since the fluorescence radiance depends on three parameters 1) the probability of absorbing a photon (molar extinction), 2) the number of fluorophores, and 3) the probability of radiative decay of the excited state (quantum yield). If we use the same fluorophore in the reference solution and the analyte then, to a good approximation, the molar extinction drops out from the comparison of fluorescence radiance and we are left with the comparison of fluorescence yield which is defined as the product of fluorophore concentration and the molecular quantum yield.

The 1997 North American Interagency Intercomparison of Ultraviolet Spectroradiometers Including Narrowband Filter Radiometers.

The fourth North American Intercomparison of Ultraviolet Monitoring Spectroradiometers was held September 15 to 25, 1997 at Table Mountain outside of Boulder, Colorado, USA. Concern over stratospheric ozone depletion has prompted several government agencies in North America to establish networks of spectroradiometers for monitoring solar ultraviolet irradiance at the surface of the Earth. The main purpose of the Intercomparison was to assess the ability of spectroradiometers to accurately measure solar ultraviolet irradiance, and to compare the results between instruments of different monitoring networks.

Bactericidal effect of a whey protein concentrate with anti-Helicobacter pylori activity.

Aims: To investigate the effect of whey protein concentrate (WPC) enriched in anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies on growth of the organism in vitro.

Methods And Results: A WPC rich in H. pylori-specific antibodies was produced by immunizing lactating cows against H.

Pilot study to evaluate the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in improving the survival of reattached auricular composite grafts in the New Zealand White rabbit.

Objective: This investigation is a prospective, randomized, blinded study seeking to evaluate the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy in improving the survival of the reattached auricular composite graft.

Study Design: Twenty New Zealand White rabbits were randomly assigned to control (10) and treatment (10) groups in a prospective fashion. After amputation and reattachment of measured segments of each ear, the treatment group received 14 HBO treatments for 10 days.

An organizational climate intervention associated with increased handwashing and decreased nosocomial infections.

Handwashing practices are persistently suboptimal among healthcare professionals and are also stubbornly resistant to change. The purpose of this quasi-experimental intervention trial was to assess the impact of an intervention to change organizational culture on frequency of staff handwashing (as measured by counting devices inserted into soap dispensers on four critical care units) and nosocomial infections associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). All staff in one of two hospitals in the mid-Atlantic region received an intervention with multiple components designed to change organizational culture; the second hospital served as a comparison.

Rapid conversion of naive to effector T cell function counteracts diminished primary human newborn T cell responses.

The reduced incidence of graft versus host disease following the use of human cord blood as a source of stem cells for bone marrow reconstitution challenges our understanding of the immunocompetence of newborn T cells. Newborn CD4+ T cells express mainly the CD45RA phenotype and have been considered to respond comparably to adult CD4+ T cells exhibiting the CD45RA phenotype. We compared the in vitro kinetics of phenotypic conversion of newborn and adult CD4+CD45RA+ T cells to CD4+CD45RO+ T cells.

Cord blood 'naive' T cells demonstrate distinct immunological properties compared with their adult counterparts.

Distinct immunological properties of naive T cells in cord blood as compared to their adult counterparts are likely to have consequences in the outcome of cord blood transplants.

Effect of several interventions on the frequency of handwashing among elementary public school children.

Background: The purpose of this educational project was to assess the effect of several interventions on the frequency of handwashing among elementary public school children.

Methods: Participants in this project were first-graders and fourth-graders from jurisdictions within a mid-Atlantic metropolitan area. Phase I included a baseline assessment of bathroom cleanliness as well as adequacy of supplies for handwashing in each school.

Ultraviolet Spectral Irradiance Scale Comparison: 210 nm to 300 nm.

Comparison of the irradiances from a number of ultraviolet spectral irradiance standards, based on different physical principles, showed agreement to within their combined standard uncertainties as assigned to them by NIST. The wavelength region of the spectral irradiance comparison was from 210 nm to 300 nm. The spectral irradiance sources were: an electron storage ring, 1000 W quartz-halogen lamps, deuterium arc lamps, and a windowless argon miniarc.