Prosthetic reconstruction of a patient with an irradiated total rhinectomy with navigated surgical placement of a single zygomatic implant: A clinical report.

This clinical report details the rehabilitation of a patient who underwent a total rhinectomy, subsequent adjuvant radiation therapy, and eventual prosthetic rehabilitation but then developed an empirically diagnosed medical adhesive intolerance. With the aid of digital planning and real time navigation, 2 zygomatic implants were placed by using a flapless surgical approach followed by early delivery of an interim prosthesis. In spite of the failure of 1 craniofacial implant, definitive restoration was accomplished by using a titanium bar, double magnetic attachments, and a new silicone prosthesis.

Vitamin D sterols increase FGF23 expression by stimulating osteoblast and osteocyte maturation in CKD bone.

Impaired osteoblast and osteocyte maturation contribute to mineralization defects and excess FGF23 expression in CKD bone. Vitamin D sterols decrease osteoid accumulation and increase FGF23 expression; these agents also increase osteoblast maturation in vitro but a link between changes in bone cell maturation, bone mineralization, and FGF23 expression in response to vitamin D sterols has not been established. We evaluated unmineralized osteoid accumulation, osteocyte maturity markers (FGF23: early osteocytes; sclerostin: late osteocytes), and osteocyte apoptosis in iliac crest of 11 pediatric dialysis patients before and after 8 months of doxercalciferol therapy.

Impaired osteocyte maturation in the pathogenesis of renal osteodystrophy.

Pediatric renal osteodystrophy is characterized by skeletal mineralization defects, but the role of osteoblast and osteocyte maturation in the pathogenesis of these defects is unknown. We evaluated markers of osteocyte maturation and programmed cell death in iliac crest biopsy samples from pediatric dialysis patients and healthy controls. We evaluated the relationship between numbers of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23)-expressing osteocytes and histomorphometric parameters of skeletal mineralization.

Nonsurgical Management of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws Using Local Wound Care.

Purpose: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) is a known complication of antiresorptive medications with surgical and nonsurgical treatment options. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nonsurgical therapy using local wound care on management of MRONJ lesions.

Materials And Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients who presented to the University of California-Los Angeles School of Dentistry Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic for evaluation and treatment of MRONJ.

Surgically Assisted Rapid Palatomaxillary Expansion With or Without Pterygomaxillary Disjunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: The purpose of this review was to evaluate the outcome measurements of anterior expansion, posterior expansion, and complications after surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE) with or without pterygomaxillary disjunction (PMD).

Materials And Methods: A computerized database search was performed using PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science. Then, a computerized search was conducted in Google Scholar and ProQuest to overcome publication bias.

Primary osteoblast-like cells from patients with end-stage kidney disease reflect gene expression, proliferation, and mineralization characteristics ex vivo.

Osteocytes regulate bone turnover and mineralization in chronic kidney disease. As osteocytes are derived from osteoblasts, alterations in osteoblast function may regulate osteoblast maturation, osteocytic transition, bone turnover, and skeletal mineralization. Thus, primary osteoblast-like cells were cultured from bone chips obtained from 24 pediatric ESKD patients.

Antibiotics or no antibiotics: reflections on Ren and Malmstrom.

This article is intended to be a review of current studies on the effectiveness of antibiotics in limiting postoperative complications after third molar exractions; in search of conclusions above and beyond Ren and Malmstroms' excellent meta-analysis.

Effect of implant support for prostheses on electromyographic activity of masseter muscle and jaw movement in patients after mandibular fibula free flap reconstruction.

Purpose: Dental implants are used to stabilize, support, and retain prostheses in the mandible following fibula free flap reconstruction. A previous longitudinal prospective study showed that an implant-supported prosthesis (IP) provided additional improvement in masticatory performance compared to a conventional prosthesis (CP). Therefore, in this paper, the impact of implant retention and support of mandibular prostheses on neuromuscular function is reported via a within-subject analysis.

Metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma of the oral cavity in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient and the detection of Merkel cell polyomavirus.

The etiology of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) was recently linked to a newly identified human virus, the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). The discovery that MCPyV plays an important role in the tumorigenesis of >80% of MCCs provides an explanation for the increased incidence of this rare malignancy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and immunocompromised patients. We report an unusual metastasis of MCC to the mandibular gingiva of an HIV-positive patient.

Cone beam computed tomography: evaluation of maxillofacial pathology.

CBCT scans are increasingly used in evaluating osseous pathology in the maxillofacial skeleton, e.g., cysts, benign and malignant tumors, inflammatory conditions, paranasal sinus disorders, and soft-tissue calcifications.

The effect of NELL1 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 on calvarial bone regeneration.

Purpose: Most craniofacial birth defects contain skeletal components that require bone grafting. Although many growth factors have shown potential for use in bone regeneration, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are the most osteoinductive. However, supraphysiologic doses, high cost, and potential adverse effects stimulate clinicians and researchers to identify complementary molecules that allow a reduction in dose of BMP-2.

Masticatory and swallowing threshold performances with conventional and implant-supported prostheses after mandibular fibula free-flap reconstruction.

Statement Of Problem: Significant strides in microvascular surgical techniques allow predictable restoration of bony and soft tissue orofacial defects. In combination with prosthetic rehabilitation, varying degrees of improvement in esthetics, speech intelligibility, and swallowing have been noted; however, the relative impact of conventional and implant-supported prostheses on restoration of masticatory function are not known.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether conventional or implant-supported dental prostheses and current surgical reconstructive procedures restore patients' masticatory function to presurgical levels.

Immunohistochemical analysis of cortical and cancellous bone after radiation and the effect of platelet-rich plasma on autogenous bone grafting.

Purpose: The collection of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has demonstrated favorable affects on wound healing in compromised patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of PDGF, bFGF, and TGF-beta in irradiated and nonirradiated bone in a rabbit tibia model and the ability of PRP to increase growth factor expression when added to autogenous bone graft in a rabbit cranial defect model.

Materials And Methods: Ten New Zealand White rabbit tibiae and calvariae were utilized for this study.

Efficacy of conventional and implant-supported mandibular resection prostheses: study overview and treatment outcomes.

Statement Of Problem: While surgical restoration of mandibular resections has advanced dramatically with free-flap techniques, oral function and patient perceptions of function, as well as treatment outcomes, often indicate significant impairment.

Purpose: This longitudinal prospective study was designed to determine whether conventional prostheses (CP) or implant-supported prostheses (IP) and current surgical reconstructive procedures restore patients' oral functions and quality of life to their status prior to segmental mandibulectomy with immediate fibula free-flap reconstruction. Study design and implementation, characteristics of the study sample, treatment completion rates, and selected presurgical and postsurgical functional and perceptual outcomes are presented.

Evaluation of platelet-rich plasma in combination with freeze-dried bone in the rabbit cranium. A pilot study.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) offers a new and potentially useful adjunct to allograft materials in oral and maxillofacial bone and implant reconstructive surgery. This study compares bone healing in four cranial defects in the rabbit grafted with freeze-dried mineralized bone (FMB) alone, FMB+PRP, freeze-dried demineralized bone (FDDB) alone, and FDDB+PRP. Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits were included in this randomized, blind, prospective pilot study.