Clinical, Hematological, and Biochemical Profile in Seropositive Dengue Cases at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal.

Dengue virus infection is a major source of morbidity and mortality in the majority of tropical and subtropical nations. In Nepal, the first case of dengue was reported in 2004, followed by numerous outbreaks exerting a critical impact on public health. This study aims to describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of dengue patients visiting a tertiary care hospital to see the trend of presentation.

Maple syrup urine disease diagnosed in a resource-limited setting in an infant in Nepal: a case report.

Background: Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) is a rare inherited disorder of metabolism, which manifests early in life in classical forms. Recurrent illness and exertion aggravate neurotoxicity. This case highlights MSUD diagnosed in association with COVID-19 complications from Nepal.

High Sensitive C-Reactive Protein and Lipid Profile Alteration In Subclinical Hypothyroidism for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of subclinical hypothyroidism with High sensitive C-reactive protein and lipid profile which can predispose to development of Cardiovascular disease.

Methods: This hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of six months. A total of 71 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and 37 healthy control subjects were enrolled for the study.

Gemykibivirus detection in acute encephalitis patients from Nepal.

Unlabelled: Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Nepal, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) accounts for ~5-20% of AES cases, but ~75% of AES cases are of unknown etiology. We identified a gemykibivirus in CSF collected in 2020 from an 8-year-old male patient with AES using metagenomic next-generation sequencing.

Association of copeptin levels with patient prognosis and survival in sepsis syndromes: a meta-analysis.

Background: Sepsis syndromes are a major burden in the ICU with very high mortality. Vasopressin and copeptin are released in response to hypovolemia and have shown potential significance in diagnosing sepsis.

Objective: To investigate the levels of copeptin in patients with sepsis syndromes and evaluate its relation with patient prognosis and mortality.

Antidiuretic hormone deficiency secondary to inactive hydrocephalus: a case report.

Background: Diabetes insipidus is a syndrome characterized by polyuria, which is almost always associated with polydipsia. The most frequent cause is central diabetes insipidus, which is the result of an inadequate secretion of the antidiuretic hormone, and diagnosis involves differentiating it from other causes of polyuria and polydipsia.

Case Presentation: Here, we present a clinical case of a previously healthy 13-year-old Nepali boy, who, in December 2022, was found to have intense polydipsia accompanied by polyuria.

Association of Low Vitamin D and Intact Parathyroid Hormone (iPTH) in Nepalese Population: When Does iPTH Exactly Rise?

Vitamin D deficiency is a global public health concern that provokes bone demineralization and weakening. In response to the decreased vitamin D level, calcium stores wear out. The homeostatic effect of compensatory hyperparathyroidism in vitamin D deficiency incites variable discrepancies in different populations.

High Serum Homocysteine among Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Visiting an Infertility Clinic of a Tertiary Care Centre.

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age which is characterized by hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovarian morphology, ovarian dysfunction, and hyperinsulinemia. Increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease and higher cardiovascular morbidity is seen in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of high serum homocysteine levels among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome visiting an infertility clinic of a tertiary care centre.

Gemykibivirus detection in acute encephalitis patients from Nepal.

Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Nepal, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) accounts for ~ 5-20% of AES cases, but ~75% of AES cases are of unknown etiology. We identified a gemykibivirus in CSF collected in 2020 from a male child with AES using metagenomic next-generation sequencing.

Positive Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody among Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Visiting an Infertility Clinic at a Tertiary Care Centre.

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most common endocrine-metabolic disorder, affecting women of reproductive age groups, which shares various symptoms with thyroid dysfunctions. Despite it predisposition of aforesaid cohorts to autoimmunity, these etiologies have not adequately been studied in them. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of positive thyroid peroxidase antibodies among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome visiting an infertility clinic at a tertiary care centre.

Autoimmune thyroid status in subclinical thyroid disorders in patients attending a tertiary care center in Nepal: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is the leading endocrine disorder worldwide. Iodine deficiency disorders, which were once the major etiology of thyroid dysfunctions, now have been succeeded by autoimmune thyroid diseases with the rise in aberrant salt ionization protocols. This study endeavors to access the level of thyroid autoantibodies viz.

Effect of ABCA1-R219K Polymorphism in Serum Lipid Parameters in Patients under Statin Therapy Visiting Tertiary Cardiac Center of Nepal.

 ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) encoded by ABCA1 gene is one of the important protein involved in lipid metabolism. The effect of statin therapy on dyslipidemia varies among individuals and it may be due to different genetic polymorphism. The R219K polymorphism of ABCA1 gene is found to have a significant role in the response of statin.

Biochemical spectrum of parathyroid hormone disorders in patients attending Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Objectives: This study intends to determine the association of parathormone with vitamin D and other biochemical parameters (calcium and phosphate) and evaluate the relationship between low vitamin D and parathormone levels.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 310 study participants over the period of 1 year. Patients who underwent laboratory investigations for vitamin D, parathormone, calcium, and phosphate in the Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory at the Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital were included.

Metabolic and biochemical profile in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome attending tertiary care centre of central NEPAL.

Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age group and is highly associated with an increased risk of diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and hyper estrogen-related malignancies in women with PCOS. This study was intended to assess the metabolic and hormonal profile of the patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome attending a tertiary care hospital.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 107 women diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome from the Department of Clinical Biochemistry of Tribhuvan University and Teaching Hospital.

Mean Serum Creatine Kinase among Organophosphate Poisoning Cases in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Major cases of poisoning are associated with organophosphates. Cholinergic effects and an intermediate phase seen with organophosphate poisoning may implicate myopathy. Creatine kinase is a marker of muscle tissue damage.

Porphyria: a case report.

Background: Prompt diagnosis of metabolic disorders in a resource-limited country like Nepal is daunting. Acute intermittent porphyria is a rare but common hepatic porphyria mostly seen in females of the reproductive age group. As its incidence is quite uncommon, conjectures about porphyria diagnosis are often duped into a diagnostic conundrum.

Comparison of Her2/Neu Oncoprotein in Serum and Tissue Samples in Women with Breast Cancer.

Background And Objectives: Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2/neu) is one of the most extensively studied proto-oncogens in breast cancer patients.  Accurate and timely assessment of the HER2/neu over expression is pivotal for the identification of breast cancer patients that could benefit from HER2-targeted therapy.  The present study was undertaken to investigate the diagnostic utility of serum HER2/neu testing by chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) in breast cancer patients and compare it with the immunohistochemistry (IHC) method of HER2/neu expression.

Lifestyle Practices and Obesity in Nepalese Youth: A Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction Understanding the lifestyle factors associated with obesity is critical to create a successful intervention that would prevent or reduce the obesity beforehand. However, these factors have not been assessed among Nepalese youths thus far. This study aims to determine the prevalence of obesity and to explore the potential lifestyle risk factors in young university students of Nepal.

Dyslipidemia and Associated Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Young Nepalese University Students.

Introduction Cardiovascular diseases are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, atherosclerosis being the principal underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases. Early detection of dyslipidemia and long-term prevention of atherosclerosis by controlling risk factors should begin in young age. The purpose of this study was to assess dyslipidemia and associated cardiovascular risk factors among university students of Nepal.

Association of high sensitivity C-reactive protein with the components of metabolic syndrome in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals.

Background And Objectives: High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) has been associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. Several studies have suggested hsCRP to be used as a marker for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. So, we aimed to evaluate the association between hsCRP levels and the components of MetS in diabetic and non-diabetic population.