Progressive enlargement of cavity within melanoma masquerading as iris cyst.

Purpose: To describe progressive enlargement of intralesional cavities within a mass that masqueraded clinically as an iris pigment epithelial cyst for 2 years but later proved to be a melanoma.

Methods: An 81-year-old woman developed asymptomatic focal elevation of the iris, and ultrasound biomicroscopy showed a fluid-filled mass that was interpreted as an iris pigment epithelial cyst. Over a 2-year period of observation, the cavity enlarged from 0.

Sebaceous carcinoma of the caruncle.

Purpose: To report a case of sebaceous carcinoma of the caruncle.

Methods: A 68-year-old woman developed a slowly enlarging mass of her left caruncle. Incisional biopsy elsewhere was interpreted histopathologically as invasive squamous cell carcinoma.

A new procedure for experimental autoimmune uveitis with small uveitogenic peptides.

Purpose: Demonstration of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) with extremely small, fragmented peptides (12-30 amino acid residues) of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRPB).

Method: Very small fragmented peptides (no. 854, 888, 907, and 1057) were conjugated to heat-killed Group A Streptococcus cells and administered as a single intravenous injection to Lewis rats.

Retinoblastoma in an eye with features of Coats' disease.

A 44-month-old girl developed retinal detachment with extensive telangiectasia and "light bulb" aneurysms suggestive of Coats' disease. However, underlying and within the retina was diffuse retinoblastoma. Diffuse infiltrative retinoblastoma can manifest features of Coats' disease and could lead to diagnostic confusion.

Oncocytoma of the lacrimal gland: case report and review of the literature.

Objective: Oncocytomas of the lacrimal gland are rare tumors. We report the eighth case in the literature.

Design: Interventional case report and literature review.

Orbital-conjunctival glomangiomas involving two ocular rectus muscles.

Purpose: To report two glomangiomas in one orbit, each isolated to a rectus muscle.

Design: Clinicopathologic correlation.

Methods: A 12-year-old boy developed two separate vascular tumors, near the insertions of the medial rectus and superior rectus muscles, respectively.

Orbital lymphoma simulating thyroid orbitopathy.

An 82-year-old man with hypothyroidism had vertical diplopia and swelling around his left eye. Visual acuity was 20/20 OD and 20/50 OS. There was moderate blepharoptosis and edema of the left eyelids and superior scleral show of the right eye.

Solitary intraosseous orbital myofibroma in four cases.

Purpose: To report four pediatric cases of a bone-destructive orbital tumor that proved to be a benign solitary intraosseous myofibroma.

Methods: Four children, aged 1, 7, 11, and 72 months, developed eyelid fullness or slight proptosis. A solitary intraosseous mass was detected in the inferior (n = 2), superotemporal (n = 1), and supranasal (n = 1) orbital walls.

Two discrete uveal melanomas in a child with ocular melanocytosis.

Objective: To describe a case of two uveal melanomas in a child with mild ocular melanocytosis.

Methods: A 6-year-old girl was followed for 5 years with an ill-defined, slowly enlarging presumed choroidal nevus in the postequatorial fundus. Ocular oncology evaluation revealed mild sectorial scleral and uveal melanocytosis and an episcleral sentinel vessel superotemporally.

Conjunctival amyloidosis: report of six cases and review of the literature.

Conjunctival amyloidosis is an uncommon condition that occasionally is associated with systemic involvement. The clinical presentations of conjunctival amyloidosis are diverse. We present six patients with conjunctival amyloidosis who were referred to us with the suspicion of another conjunctival lesion.

Regulation of NKG2D ligand gene expression.

The activating immunoreceptor NKG2D has seven known host ligands encoded by the MHC class I chain-related MIC and ULBP/RAET genes. Why there is such diversity of NKG2D ligands is not known but one hypothesis is that they are differentially expressed in different tissues in response to different stresses. To explore this, we compared expression patterns and promoters of NKG2D ligand genes.

Multifocal hypopigmented retinal pigment epithelial lesions in incontinentia pigmenti.

Background: Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) can manifest with retinal detachment in children and can simulate retinoblastoma. The authors report a clinicopathologic correlation of IP and illustrate the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) alterations that may be useful in establishing the diagnosis.

Methods: A 30-month-old reportedly healthy girl developed strabismus and was discovered to have total retinal detachment in the left eye.

Melanocytoma of the optic disk: a review.

Melanocytoma is a deeply pigmented variant of melanocytic nevus that classically occurs in the optic disk, sometimes with contiguous involvement of the adjacent retina or choroid. Historically, this tumor was often confused with malignant melanoma both clinically and histopathologically. Today, however, it is generally recognized by its typical clinical features that differ from most melanomas and erroneous enucleation is rarely done.

Primary ductal adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland.

Objective: To report the case of a 59-year-old man with a right lacrimal gland mass, subsequently diagnosed as primary ductal adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland.

Design: Interventional case report.

Methods: We report the clinical presentation, histopathologic and immunohistochemical features, and treatment of a patient with primary ductal adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland.

[Pathological features of diabetic retinopathy].

Diabetic retinopathy continues to be an important cause of adult blindness among Americans and Brazilians. There are determinant environmental factors in the development of diabetic retinopathy although increasing evidence suggests a genetic component in diabetic retinopathy. The advances made during the last two decades with the purpose of improving the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy have prompted this review.

Cavitary changes in retinoblastoma: relationship to chemoresistance.

Objective: To describe the clinical features and outcome of treatment of retinoblastomas presenting with ophthalmoscopically visible cavities.

Design: Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series.

Participants: Sixteen eyes of 15 patients harboring retinoblastomas with ophthalmoscopically visible cavities treated between February 1995 and July 2003.

Significant head cooling can be achieved while maintaining normothermia in the newborn piglet.

Background: Hypothermia has been shown to be neuroprotective in animal models of hypoxia-ischaemia. It is currently being evaluated as a potentially therapeutic option in the management of neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. However, significant hypothermia has adverse systemic effects.

Conjunctival mascaroma masquerading as melanoma.

Purpose: To describe a conjunctival mass composed of keratin with mascara deposition that clinically simulated a melanoma.

Methods: A 50-year-old woman, who used mascara for 20 years, was referred for a conjunctival mass that was suspected to be melanoma. Excisional biopsy was performed, and the lesion was studied histopathologically.

Conjunctival epithelial involvement by eyelid sebaceous carcinoma. The 2003 J. Howard Stokes lecture.

Purpose: To determine incidence and distribution of conjunctival epithelial involvement by eyelid sebaceous carcinoma and to make recommendations regarding its management.

Methods: The medical records were reviewed retrospectively on patients with histopathologically confirmed sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelids managed at the Oncology Service at Wills Eye Hospital. Those tumors with involvement of the conjunctival epithelium were identified and selected for further study.