Soluble B7-H3 in Colorectal Cancer.

We present the results of comparative ELISA of the concentration of soluble form of immunity checkpoint B7-H3 (sB7-H3) in the serum of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) at different stages before treatment and healthy control donors. The analysis revealed a statistically significant difference between the median levels of sB7-H3 in the blood serum of CRC patients (19.66 ng/ml) and healthy donors (16.

Dynamics of Soluble Forms of the Immune Checkpoint Components PD-1/PD-L1/B7-H3, CD314/ULBP1, and HLA-G in Peripheral Blood of Melanoma Patients Receiving Blockers of Programmed Cell Death Protein PD-1.

The content of the soluble forms of immune checkpoint components sPD-1, sPD-L1 in blood serum, and sB7-H3, sCD314, sULBP1, sHLA-G in blood plasma of 30 melanoma patients receiving immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 antibodies (nivolumab, pembrolisumab) was measured before and in 4 and 8 weeks after the start of immunotherapy. The control group comprised 70 practically healthy donors. Standard immunoassay kits were used.

Blood Serum Zonulin in Colorectal Cancer, Autoimmune Bowel Diseases, and Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Zonulin content in blood serum of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC; n=152; 30-84 years) and patients with large bowel adenomas (n=32; 39-82 years) was measured by standardized kit IDK Zonulin ELISA (Immundiagnostik AG). The healthy control group (n=50) comprised volunteers (27 women, 23 men; 25-68 years); pathological control group (n=84) - patients (55 women, 29 men;18-84 years) with irritable bowel syndrome (n=29), Crohn's disease (n=5), and ulcero-necrotic colitis (n=50). In comparison to healthy control group, the level of zonulin was significantly increased in CRC patients (p<0.

Soluble forms of PD-1/PD-L immune checkpoint receptor and ligand in blood serum of breast cancer patients: association with clinical pathologic factors and molecular type of the tumor.

Results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the soluble forms of PD-1/PD-L immune checkpoint receptor and ligand (sPD-1 and sPD-L1) in pretreatment blood serum of 88 breast cancer patients at various disease stages aged 30-83 years are presented. The control group included 55 practically healthy women aged 19-82 years. Serum sPD-1 and sPD-L1 levels in breast cancer patients highly significantly (p<0.

Prognostic significance of VEGF signaling system components and matrix metalloproteinases in blood serum of gastric cancer patients.

Analysis of long-term treatment results of 77 primary gastric cancer patients at stage I-IV of the tumor process followed during 1 - 41 months (median - 6.4 months) from the onset of specific treatment are presented depending on the basal levels of VEGF, soluble forms of its receptors (sVEGFR1, sVEGFR2) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, 7, 9) in blood serum. Overall survival assessed by Kaplan-Meyer analysis and with the help of Cox multiparametric regression model was applied as the criterion of prognostic value.

Clinical and prognostic significance of the soluble form of the VISTA immunity control point in patients with primary bone tumors.

The data of a comparative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the content of the soluble form of the immunity checkpoint VISTA in the blood serum of 30 healthy donors (control group), 79 patients with primary malignant (osteosarcoma - 30, chondrosarcoma - 31, chordoma - 14) and 14 borderline (giant cell tumor) bone neoplasms are presented. In the general group of patients with malignant neoplasms of bones, the median sVISTA content in blood serum is statistically significant lower than in the control (p = 0.040).

Prognostic significance of the TNM system criteria, levels of serum insulin-like growth factors and their transport proteins, VEGF and MMP-7 in colorectal cancer.

The analysis of long-term results of treatment of 88 primary patients with colon adenocarcinoma at various stages of tumor process is presented, taking into account the TNM system criteria, and serum IGF-1, IGF-2, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, VEGF, and MMP-7 levels. The overall survival rate assessed by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox multivariate regression model was used as the criterion of prognosis. It was established that IGF-1, IGFBP-2 and VEGF serum levels along with the stage of colorectal cancer might be considered as statistically significant independent predictors of overall survival in patients.

Immunosuppression Factors PD-1, PD-L1, and IDO1 and Colorectal Cancer.

Due to the low efficiency of immunotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC), it is extremely promising and relevant to study the mechanisms of immunosuppression. In this work, a comprehensive study of the expression of soluble and tissue forms of PD-1 and PD-L1 in blood serum and tumors of patients with CRC, as well as IDO1 in tumors was performed for the first time. The diagnostic and prognostic significance of the studied parameters was determined.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Soluble Forms of Its Receptors 1 and 2 in Gastric Cancer.

Comparative evaluation of blood content of VEGF, sVEGFR1, and sVEGFR2 in 104 primary gastric cancer patients and 65 healthy persons was performed and associations of these markers with the principal clinical and morphological characteristics of gastric cancer were analyzed. The median levels of VEGF and sVEGFR1 in gastric cancer patients significantly surpassed the control: by 1.5 (p<0.

Prognostic significance of soluble forms of immune checkpoint PD-1/PDL1 receptor and ligand in blood plasma of gastric cancer patients.

Analysis of long-term treatment results of 101 primary gastric cancer patients at various stages of the tumor process followed during 1 - 41 months (median - 6,4 months) from the onset of specific treatment are presented depending on the levels of soluble forms (s) of PD-1 receptor and its ligand PD-L1 in blood plasma. Overall survival assessed by Kaplan-Meyer analysis and with the help of Cox multiparametric regression model was applied as the criterion of prognostic value. It was found that at high (≥ 35 pg/ml) sPD-L1 levels in blood plasma, the overall survival of patients with gastric cancer was statistically significantly lower than at the marker's levels below 35 pg / ml (p <0.

Comparative analysis of the levels of soluble forms of receptor and ligand of the immunity control point PD-1/PD-L1 in the blood serum of patients with typical bone osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma.

Results of ELISA investigation of the pretreatment sPD-1 and sPD-L1 content in blood serum of 133 bone neoplasms patients aged 6-70 years and 57 practically healthy control persons aged 12-70 years are described. In 14 patients the neoplasms were of a benign character, in 16 - borderline giant-cell bone tumor was diagnosed, and in 103 - malignant bone lesions including 39 osteosarcomas and 42 chondrosarcomas were revealed. The sPD-1 receptor concentrations in blood serum did not differ between control healthy persons and primary bone tumor patients, while serum sPD-L1 level in bone tumor patients was statistically significantly increased (p<0.

[Novel miRNAs as Potential Regulators of PD-1/PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint, and Prognostic Value of MIR9-1 and MIR124-2 Methylation in Ovarian Cancer].

Ovarian cancer (OC) is mostly detected at late stages weighed down with metastasis, and the five-year survival rate of patients is only 30%, which dictates the necessity to develop gentler and more selectively targeted drugs that current chemotherapeutic agents. The search for factors that can influence on the activity of the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint signaling pathway in tumors is relevant, and micro RNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in it. Over the past 5 years, only a few miRNAs (miR-34a, miR-145, and miR-424), which have a regulatory effect on the PD-1/PD-L1 system in OC patients, have been discovered.

Key Immune Checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1 Signaling Pathway Components in the Blood Serum from Patients with Bone Tumors.

The levels of sPD-1 and sPD-L1 were analyzed in blood serum of 132 patients (age 14-70 years) with primary bone tumors: osteosarcoma (N=39), chondrosarcoma (N=42), Ewing sarcoma (N=9), chordoma (N=12), giant-cell bone tumor (GCBT) (N=16), benign neoplasms (N=14) and in and practically healthy subjects (age 19-58 years; N=27). sPD-L1 levels in all studied bone neoplasms were significantly higher than in the control. Serum sPD-1 level in GCBT patients was significantly higher than in the control, benign neoplasms, chondrosarcoma, and chordoma patients, but did not differ from osteosarcoma group.

Comparative Analysis of MMP-8 and MMP-9 Concentrations in Crevicular and Peri-Implants Sulcular Fluids.

The concentrations of MMP-8 and MMP-9 were measured in the crevicular and the peri-implant sulcular fluids at the different stages of the prosthetic treatment. The concentration MMP-8 and MMP-9 in the peri-implant sulcular fluids were significantly higher (p<0.05) then in the gingival crevicular fluid.

[The content of the soluble forms PD-1 and PD-L1 in blood serum of patients with gastric cancer and their relationship with clinical and morphological characteristics of the disease.].

Results of comparative ELISA investigation of pretreatment sPD-1 and sPD-L1 content in blood plasma of 100 gastric cancer patients at various disease stages aged 25 to 81 years are presented. Control group included 60 practically healthy donors aged 18 - 68 years. Plasma sPD-L1 concentrations did not differ between gastric cancer patients and control group, and sPD-1 levels were statistically significantly lower in patients than in healthy donors (p<0.

Prognostic Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases 2, 7, 8, 9 and Their Type 1 Tissue Inhibitor in Blood Serum of Patients with Kidney Cancer.

The study compared the levels of MMP-2,7,8,9, and TIMP-1 in blood serum of healthy people (N=97) and patients with primary renal cell carcinoma (N=93) to assess relevance of these markers to prognosis of overall survival of these patients, which were followed-up over 1 to 45 months (median 26 months). To evaluate the survival with the Kaplan-Meier estimator, the median values of examined markers in the total group of patients were taken as the threshold levels. This estimator showed that the high levels of serum MMP-7 and MMP-8 were indicative for unfavorable prognosis in the total group of patients with renal cell cancer.

Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) in Blood Plasma of Patients with Clear-Cell Carcinoma.

The concentration of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) was measured in blood plasma of 99 patients with clear-cell carcinoma and 14 patients with benign renal tumors using a Human Serum TIM-1/KIM-1/HAVCR Quantikine ELISA kit. The control group consisted of 15 healthy male and 14 healthy female subjects. KIM-1 levels in blood plasma of patients with cancer or benign renal tumors were significantly higher than in the control (p<0.

Comparative Analysis of Blood Plasma Proteome in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Comparative mass spectrometric analysis of protein composition was carried out in 36 blood plasma specimens from patients with renal cell carcinoma and 20 specimens from donors. Analysis of protein composition of plasma specimens devoid of the major protein fractions showed a 20-50% higher level of protein identifications in patient' specimens. Specimens of the control and experimental series were similar by protein composition, 70-80% identifications in experimental and control series coinciding.

Soluble Ligand of the Immune Checkpoint Receptor (sPD-L1) in Blood Serum of Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma.

The content of the soluble ligand of the immune checkpoint receptor (sPD-L1) was determined in the blood serum of 106 patients with renal cell carcinoma and 11 patients with benign kidney tumors by direct ELISA (Human sPD-L1 Platinum ELISA; Affimetrix, eBioscience). The control group included 19 healthy men and 18 women. Serum level of sPD-L1 significantly surpassed the control values in both patients with primary renal cancer (p<0.

Clinical Significance of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Blood Plasma of Patients with Gastric Cancer.

Plasma levels of MMP-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9 and their tissue inhibitor TIMP-2 were measured in 89 patients with gastric cancer and the relationship between these parameters and the main clinical morphological characteristics of the disease was analyzed. Plasma levels of the proteins were measured using standard direct ELISA kits. The level of MMP-7 in patients with gastric cancer was significantly higher than in the control group (medians 2.

Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors in Blood Serum of Patients with Endometrial Cancer: Clinical and Morphological Correlations.

In patients with endometrial cancer (N=94), endometrial polyps (N=28), endometrial hyperplasia (N=25), and healthy women (N=77), the serum contents of MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 were measured by ELISA. Both carcinoma and benign neoplasms were accompanied by significant elevation of MMP-7 and TIMP-2 in blood serum. The greatest elevation (in comparison with the control) was observed for MMP-7, although serum concentration of this marker was practically identical in patients with carcinoma and benign tumors.

Receptor Activator of Nuclear Transcription Factor NF-κB (RANK), Its Ligand RANKL, and Natural Inhibitor of RANKL Osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the Blood Serum of Patients with Primary Bone Tumors.

The content of components of the RANK/RANKL/OPG system, the key regulator of homeostasis in the bone tissue, in blood serum samples from 199 patients with primary bone neoplasms and 131 practically healthy volunteers was measured by ELISA. Borderline giantcell tumor of the bone with high osteoclastogenic and osteolytic activity is characterized by an increase in the level of all components of this system and highest ratio of sRANKL/OPG in the blood serum. Study indexes in patients with various benign neoplasms and tumor-like bone lesions were lower than in patients with giant-cell tumor.

Association between the Prevalence of Somatic Mutations in PIK3CA Gene in Tumors and Clinical and Morphological Characteristics of Breast Cancer Patients.

The presence of activating somatic mutations in codons 542 and 545 of exon 9 (p.E542K c.1624G>A and p.

[The growth factor of endothelium of vessels and its receptors type I and II in blood serum in patients with kidney cancer: clinical morphological correlations.].

The progress in treatment of kidney cancer is related to application of anti-angiogenic medications. Therefore, investigation and searching for new molecular markers characterizing its angiogenic activity is actual still. The purpose of study is to compare VEGF, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 in blood serum of healthy people, patients with cancer and benign tumors of kidney and to analyze their relationship with main clinical morphological characteristics of neoplasms.

Regulatory Proteins of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Some Components of VEGF Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer.

Immunohistochemical method was used to assay for Snail family regulatory proteins of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, their NF-κB coactivator, and the components of VEGF signaling pathway (VEGF and its receptors VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) in 157 specimens of breast tumors. Most tumors did not express SNAI1, while 65% tumors demonstrated mid- or high-level SNAI2 expression. There were significant correlations between the expression of SNAI1, SNAI2, and their NF-κB co-activator.