Saponin is Essential for the Isolation of Proteins and RNA from Biological Nanoparticles.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), biomimetics, and other biological nanoparticles (BNs) produced from human cells are gaining increasing attention in the fields of molecular diagnostics and nanomedicine for the delivery of therapeutic cargo. In particular, BNs are considered prospective delivery vehicles for different biologics, including protein and RNA therapeutics. Moreover, EVs are widely used in molecular diagnostics for early detection of disease-associated proteins and RNA.

Development, production and characterization of SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles (Coronaviridae: ).

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has created serious health problems worldwide. The most effective way to prevent the occurrence of new epidemic outbreaks is vaccination. One of the modern and effective approaches to vaccine development is the use of virus-like particles (VLPs).

Controlling the Quality of Nanodrugs According to Their New Property-Radiothermal Emission.

Previous studies have shown that complexly shaped nanoparticles (NPs) have their intrinsic radiothermal emission in the millimeter range. This article presents a method for controlling the quality of nanodrugs-immunobiological preparations (IBPs)-based on the detection of their intrinsic radiothermal emissions. The emissivity of interferon (IFN) medicals, determined without opening the primary package, is as follows (µW/m): IFN-α2b-80 ± 9 (10 IU per package), IFN-β1a-40 ± 5 (24 × 10 IU per package), IFN-γ-30 ± 4 (10 IU per package).

[Study of the safety and immunogenicity of VLP-based vaccine for the prevention of rotavirus infection in neonatal minipig model].

Introduction: In Russia, almost half of the cases of acute intestinal infections of established etiology in 2022 are due to rotavirus infection (RVI). There is no specific treatment for rotavirus gastroenteritis. There is a need to develop modern, effective and safe vaccines to combat rotavirus infection that are not capable of multiplying (replicating) in the body of the vaccinated person.

The effectiveness of the use of selenium-containing top dressing in the cultivation of radish.

Vegetable crops of the Brassicaceae family have the ability to include the necessary trace element selenium (Se) in the composition of organic compounds such as selenoproteins, in addition, they have important properties for human health based on the content of selenium. In our work, we investigated the effect of non-root processing of vegetating radish plants on the quality of finished products. The research results showed that the selenium content in the product part of plants significantly increased with an increase in the concentration of this element in the working solution.

Integral assays of hemostasis in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 on admission and during heparin thromboprophylaxis.

Background: Blood coagulation abnormalities play a major role in COVID-19 pathophysiology. However, the specific details of hypercoagulation and anticoagulation treatment require investigation. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of the coagulation system by means of integral and local clotting assays in COVID-19 patients on admission to the hospital and in hospitalized COVID-19 patients receiving heparin thromboprophylaxis.

[Virus-like particles based on rotavarus A recombinant VP2/VP6 proteins for assessment the antibody immune response by ELISA].

Introduction: Rotavirus infection is one of the main concerns in infectious pathology in humans, mammals and birds. Newborn piglets or rodents are usually being used as a laboratory model for the evaluation of immunogenicity and efficacy for all types of vaccines against rotavirus A (RVA), and the use of ELISA for the detection of virus-specific antibodies of specific isotype is an essential step of this evaluation.

Objective: Development of indirect solid-phase ELISA with VP2/VP6 rotavirus VLP as an antigen to detect and assess the distribution of RVA-specific IgG, IgM and IgA in the immune response to rotavirus A.

Cellular Immune Response Induced by DNA Immunization of Mice with Drug Resistant Integrases of HIV-1 Clade A Offers Partial Protection against Growth and Metastatic Activity of Integrase-Expressing Adenocarcinoma Cells.

Therapeutic DNA-vaccination against drug-resistant HIV-1 may hinder emergence and spread of drug-resistant HIV-1, allowing for longer successful antiretroviral treatment (ART) up-to relief of ART. We designed DNA-vaccines against drug-resistant HIV-1 based on consensus clade A integrase (IN) resistant to raltegravir: IN_in_r1 (L74M/E92Q/V151I/N155H/G163R) or IN_in_r2 (E138K/G140S/Q148K) carrying D64V abrogating IN activity. INs, overexpressed in mammalian cells from synthetic genes, were assessed for stability, route of proteolytic degradation, and ability to induce oxidative stress.

Expression of the Reverse Transcriptase Domain of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Induces Lytic Cellular Response in DNA-Immunized Mice and Limits Tumorigenic and Metastatic Potential of Murine Adenocarcinoma 4T1 Cells.

Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) is a classic tumor-associated antigen overexpressed in majority of tumors. Several TERT-based cancer vaccines are currently in clinical trials, but immune correlates of their antitumor activity remain largely unknown. Here, we characterized fine specificity and lytic potential of immune response against rat TERT in mice.

The Immunogenicity in Mice of HCV Core Delivered as DNA Is Modulated by Its Capacity to Induce Oxidative Stress and Oxidative Stress Response.

HCV core is an attractive HCV vaccine target, however, clinical or preclinical trials of core-based vaccines showed little success. We aimed to delineate what restricts its immunogenicity and improve immunogenic performance in mice. We designed plasmids encoding full-length HCV 1b core and its variants truncated after amino acids (aa) 60, 98, 152, 173, or up to aa 36 using virus-derived or synthetic polynucleotides (core191/60/98/152/173/36_191v or core152s DNA, respectively).

[Assessment of immunogenic activity of the cloned human rotavirus A WA strain.].

Introduction: Rotovirus infection (RVI) caused by the dsRNA-containing virus from genus Rotavirus, Reoviridae family, belonging to group A (RVA), is the cause of severe diarrhea in human and other mammalian species. Vaccination is the most effective way to reduce the incidence of RVI. At present, the effectiveness of using gnotobiotic piglets as a universal model for reproducing human rotavirus infection and assessing the quality of RVI vaccine preparations has been experimentally proven.

The DNA of Bacteria of the World Ocean and the Earth in Cosmic Dust at the International Space Station.

Cosmic dust samples from the surface of the illuminator of the International Space Station (ISS) were collected by a crew member during his spacewalk. The sampler with tampon in a vacuum container was delivered to the Earth. Washouts from the tampon's material and the tampon itself were analyzed for the presence of bacterial DNA by the method of nested PCR with primers specific to DNA of the genus , DNA of the strains of capsular bacteria , and DNA encoding 16S ribosomal RNA.

Glioblastoma cellular cross-talk converges on NF-κB to attenuate EGFR inhibitor sensitivity.

In glioblastoma (GBM), heterogeneous expression of amplified and mutated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) presents a substantial challenge for the effective use of EGFR-directed therapeutics. Here we demonstrate that heterogeneous expression of the wild-type receptor and its constitutively active mutant form, EGFRvIII, limits sensitivity to these therapies through an interclonal communication mechanism mediated by interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine secreted from EGFRvIII-positive tumor cells. IL-6 activates a NF-κB signaling axis in a paracrine and autocrine manner, leading to bromodomain protein 4 (BRD4)-dependent expression of the prosurvival protein survivin (BIRC5) and attenuation of sensitivity to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

Prokaryotic Expression, Purification and Immunogenicity in Rabbits of the Small Antigen of Hepatitis Delta Virus.

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a viroid-like blood-borne human pathogen that accompanies hepatitis B virus infection in 5% patients. HDV has been studied for four decades; however, the knowledge on its life-cycle and pathogenesis is still sparse. The studies are hampered by the absence of the commercially-available HDV-specific antibodies.

LiCl solvation in N-methyl-acetamide (NMA) as a model for understanding Li(+) binding to an amide plane.

The thermodynamics of ion solvation in non-aqueous solvents remains of great significance for understanding cellular transport and ion homeostasis for the design of novel ion-selective materials and applications in molecular pharmacology. Molecular simulations play pivotal roles in connecting experimental measurements to the microscopic structures of liquids. One of the most useful and versatile mimetic systems for understanding biological ion transport is N-methyl-acetamide (NMA).

Comparative Immunogenicity in Rabbits of the Polypeptides Encoded by the 5' Terminus of Hepatitis C Virus RNA.

Recent studies on the primate protection from HCV infection stressed the importance of immune response against structural viral proteins. Strong immune response against nucleocapsid (core) protein was difficult to achieve, requesting further experimentation in large animals. Here, we analyzed the immunogenicity of core aa 1-173, 1-152, and 147-191 and of its main alternative reading frame product F-protein in rabbits.

[Real-time PCR kits for the detection of the African Swine Fever virus].

The results obtained using the diagnostic kit based on real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect the DNA of the African Swine Fever in the pathological material, as well as in the culture fluid, are presented. A high sensitivity and specificity for detection of the DNA in the organs and tissues of animals was shown to be useful for detection in the European Union referentiality reagent kits for DNA detection by real time PCR of ASFV. More rapid and effective method of DNA extraction using columns mini spin Quick gDNA(TM) MiniPrep was suggested and compared to the method of DNA isolation on the inorganic sorbent.

Cellular immunogenicity of novel gene immunogens in mice monitored by in vivo imaging.

The efficient cell-mediated immune response clears cells expressing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) immunogens, but there are no methods to monitor this in vivo. We hypothesized that immune-mediated clearance can be monitored in vivo if DNA immunogens are coexpressed with reporter(s). To test this, we designed genes encoding human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) fused via its N- or C-terminus to 30-amino acid-long Gly-Ala-repeat of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 or via the N-terminus to the transport signal of invariant chain/Ii or inserted between the cytoplasmic and luminal domains of lysosome-associated membrane protein I (LAMP).

[Identification of porcine parvovirus and virus-specific antibodies by polymerase chain reaction and enzyme immunoassay].

Porcine parvovirus infection (PPVI) caused by a small non-enveloped virus (porcine parvovirus, PPV) is responsible for serious reproductive dysfunctions in sows. In the Russian Federation, the approved diagnostic methods for determination of parvovirus antigen and virus-specific antibodies are hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition tests, respectively. The present paper gives the results of developing diagnostic tests to reveal porcine parvovirus by polymerase chain reaction and its antibodies by recombinant protein-based indirect enzyme immunoassay.

[Activity of oil isolated from Amaranth seeds on energetic functions of rat liver mitochondria after adrenaline introduction].

It has been shown that a three-week feeding of rats with oil derived from seeds of amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) leads to a moderate activation of respiration of coupled and uncoupled rat liver mitochondria (MCh) that oxidize succinate and succinate + glutamate, as well as alpha-ketoglutarate and alpha-ketoglutarate + malonate. In animals receiving the amaranth oil, the injection of adrenaline did not affect the oil-activated respiration of MCh during succinate oxidation; i.

[Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, by using recombinant nucleocapsid protein N].

Recombinant nucleocapsid (rN) protein N of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was prepared, by using the E. coli expressiom system. Insertion of a polyhistidine marker into the structure of the protein allowed the latter to be purified by metal-chelate affinity chromatography.

Thinning of wetting films formed from aqueous solutions of non-ionic surfactant.

We investigated the thinning of wetting films formed from aqueous solution of non-ionic triblock copolymer Pluronic F127 on the surface of silica using a home-made thin film balance and time-resolved ellipsometry. Imaging ellipsometry was used to visualize the film structures at subsequent stages of their development. The results unambiguously show that the time required for the formation of steady films strongly depends on the electrolyte concentration.