Classification of Breast Lymphedema in a Racially Diverse Cohort.

Breast lymphedema is a common sequela of breast conservation that delays healing and reduces quality of life. No rigorous classification system exists for this condition. We explored approaches for classifying breast lymph-edema based on breast ultrasound, physical exam, and patient-reported outcomes.

Perioperative research into memory (PRiMe), part 2: Adult burns intensive care patients show altered structure and function of the default mode network.

Background: Long-term cognitive impairment (LTCI) is experienced by up to two thirds of patients discharged from burns intensive care units (BICUs), however little is known about its neurobiological basis. This study investigated if patients previously admitted to BICU showed structural and functional MRI changes of the Default Mode Network (DMN).

Methods: Fifteen patients previously admitted to BICU with a significant burns injury, and 15 matched volunteers, underwent structural and functional MRI scans.

Peripheral immune function and Alzheimer's disease: a living systematic review and critical appraisal.

Background: A growing body of literature examines the relationship between peripheral immune function and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) in human populations. Our living systematic review summarizes the characteristics and findings of these studies, appraises their quality, and formulates recommendations for future research.

Methods: We searched the electronic databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, and reviewed references of previous reviews and meta-analyses to identify human studies examining the relationship between any peripheral immune biomarkers and AD up to September 7th, 2023.

U.S. Breastfeeding Outcomes at the Intersection: Differences in Duration Among Racial and Ethnic Groups With Varying Educational Attainment in a Nationally Representative Sample.

Background: As breastfeeding rates in the United States increase, barriers persist for Black, Latine, and low-socioeconomic status household dyads when compared to White and high-socioeconomic status household dyads. Previous breastfeeding disparities research has almost exclusively considered the influence of race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status separately, although these attributes are not randomly distributed across the population.

Research Aim: To identify breastfeeding duration patterns by race/ethnicity and educational attainment in a nationally representative U.

Breast Imaging During a Cyberattack and Global Pandemic: What We Did to Pick Up the Pieces.

Cybersecurity in healthcare is a very real threat with the potential to severely disrupt patient care, place extra burden on an already strained system, and result in significant financial losses for a hospital or healthcare network. In October 2020, on the backdrop of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, our institution experienced one of the most significant cyberattacks on a healthcare system to date, lasting for nearly 40 days. By sharing our experience in radiology, and specifically in breast imaging, including the downtime procedures we relied upon and the lessons that we learned emerging from this cyberattack, we hope to help future victims of a healthcare cyberattack successfully weather such an experience.

Almond consumption affects fecal microbiota composition, stool pH, and stool moisture in overweight and obese adults with elevated fasting blood glucose: A randomized controlled trial.

Regular almond consumption has been shown to improve body weight management, lipid profile and blood glucose control. We hypothesized that almond consumption would alter fecal microbiota composition, including increased abundance and activity of potentially beneficial bacterial taxa in adults who are overweight and obese with elevated fasting blood glucose. A total of 69 adults who were overweight or obese with an elevated plasma glucose (age: 60.

More than noise: context-dependent luminance contrast discrimination in a coral reef fish ().

Achromatic (luminance) vision is used by animals to perceive motion, pattern, space and texture. Luminance contrast sensitivity thresholds are often poorly characterised for individual species and are applied across a diverse range of perceptual contexts using over-simplified assumptions of an animal's visual system. Such thresholds are often estimated using the receptor noise limited model (RNL).

Human faecal collection methods demonstrate a bias in microbiome composition by cell wall structure.

Clinical trial faecal collections present challenges through geographical spread and inexperienced participants. Collection techniques have been developed and tested to overcome these challenges, but previous studies investigating these techniques have demonstrated a highly variable capacity for sample preservation. Furthermore, these studies typically only examine either preservation of genetic content or metabolites, not both.

Incidence of benign and malignant peri-implant fluid collections and masses on magnetic resonance imaging in women with silicone implants.

Background: To assess the incidence of benign and malignant peri-implant fluid collections and/or masses on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in women with silicone implants who are being screened for silent implant rupture.

Methods: The institutional review board approved this HIPAA-compliant retrospective study and waived informed consent. Women who underwent silicone implant oncoplastic and/or cosmetic surgery and postoperative implant-protocol MRI from 2000 to 2014 were included.

Attribution bias underlying burns-induced anxiety symptoms.

Introduction: Burn injuries are a debilitating cause of morbidity and mortality associated with the long-term impact of psychological factors on quality of life. Accurate assessment of the differential impact of burn sequelae and anxiety is often complicated by the overlap between psychological and somatic symptoms in burns patients. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) is one validated psychometric tool for anxiety assessment.

Perioperative Research into Memory (PRiMe): Cognitive impairment following a severe burn injury and critical care admission, part 1.

Introduction: An investigation into long-term cognitive impairment and Quality of Life (QoL) after severe burns.

Methods: A proof of principle, cohort design, prospective, observational clinical study. Patients with severe burns (>15% TBSA) admitted to Burns ICU for invasive ventilation were recruited for psychocognitive assessment with a convenience sample of age and sex-matched controls.

Ecosystem state shifts during long-term development of an Amazonian peatland.

The most carbon (C)-dense ecosystems of Amazonia are areas characterized by the presence of peatlands. However, Amazonian peatland ecosystems are poorly understood and are threatened by human activities. Here, we present an investigation into long-term ecohydrological controls on C accumulation in an Amazonian peat dome.

Total dietary sugar consumption does not influence sleep or behaviour in Australian children.

This study aimed to compare sugar intake in Australian children with current guidelines and determine if total sugar consumption as a percentage of energy (sugar %E) exacerbates the relationship between sleep and behaviour. A sample of 287 children aged 8-12 years (boys 48.8%, age: 10.

The Relationship Between Caffeine, Sleep, and Behavior in Children.

Study Objectives: To examine caffeine consumption from various dietary sources in a cohort of Australian children and the relationship between caffeine consumption, sleep, and daytime behavior.

Methods: Children aged 8 to 12 years and their parents/guardians completed a battery of questionnaires. Children completed a caffeine questionnaire while parents completed questionnaires regarding demographics, sleep, and behavior.

Validation and reproducibility of an Australian caffeine food frequency questionnaire.

The aim of this study was to measure validity and reproducibility of a caffeine food frequency questionnaire (C-FFQ) developed for the Australian population. The C-FFQ was designed to assess average daily caffeine consumption using four categories of food and beverages including; energy drinks; soft drinks/soda; coffee and tea and chocolate (food and drink). Participants completed a seven-day food diary immediately followed by the C-FFQ on two consecutive days.

Caffeine Consumption and Sleep Quality in Australian Adults.

Caffeine is commonly consumed to help offset fatigue, however, it can have several negative effects on sleep quality and quantity. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between caffeine consumption and sleep quality in adults using a newly validated caffeine food frequency questionnaire (C-FFQ). In this cross sectional study, 80 adults (M ± SD: 38.

The long-term fate of permafrost peatlands under rapid climate warming.

Permafrost peatlands contain globally important amounts of soil organic carbon, owing to cold conditions which suppress anaerobic decomposition. However, climate warming and permafrost thaw threaten the stability of this carbon store. The ultimate fate of permafrost peatlands and their carbon stores is unclear because of complex feedbacks between peat accumulation, hydrology and vegetation.

Distribution and presentation of Lyme borreliosis in Scotland - analysis of data from a national testing laboratory.

This study examines the distribution of laboratory-confirmed cases of Lyme borreliosis in Scotland and the clinical spectrum of presentations within NHS Highland. Methods General demographic data (age/sex/referring Health Board) from all cases of Lyme borreliosis serologically confirmed by the National Lyme Borreliosis Testing Laboratory from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2013 were analysed. Clinical features of confirmed cases were ascertained from questionnaires sent to referring clinicians within NHS Highland during the study period.

First discovery of Holocene cryptotephra in Amazonia.

The use of volcanic ash layers for dating and correlation (tephrochronology) is widely applied in the study of past environmental changes. We describe the first cryptotephra (non-visible volcanic ash horizon) to be identified in the Amazon basin, which is tentatively attributed to a source in the Ecuadorian Eastern Cordillera (0-1°S, 78-79°W), some 500-600 km away from our field site in the Peruvian Amazon. Our discovery 1) indicates that the Amazon basin has been subject to volcanic ash fallout during the recent past; 2) highlights the opportunities for using cryptotephras to date palaeoenvironmental records in the Amazon basin and 3) indicates that cryptotephra layers are preserved in a dynamic Amazonian peatland, suggesting that similar layers are likely to be present in other peat sequences that are important for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction.

Incidence of Internal Mammary Lymph Nodes with Silicone Breast Implants at MR Imaging after Oncoplastic Surgery.

Purpose: To assess the incidence of benign and malignant internal mammary lymph nodes (IMLNs) at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging among women with a history of treated breast cancer and silicone implant reconstruction.

Materials And Methods: The institutional review board approved this HIPAA-compliant retrospective study and waived informed consent. Women were identified who (a) had breast cancer, (b) underwent silicone implant oncoplastic surgery, and (c) underwent postoperative implant-protocol MR imaging with or without positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) between 2000 and 2013.

Butyrylated starch affects colorectal cancer markers beneficially and dose-dependently in genotoxin-treated rats.

Population studies suggest that greater dietary fiber intake may lower colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, possibly through the colonic bacterial fermentative production of butyrate. Butyrylated starch delivers butyrate to the colon of humans with potential to reduce CRC risk but high doses may exacerbate risk through promoting epithelial proliferation. Here we report the effects of increasing dietary butyrylated high amylose maize starch (HAMSB) on azoxymethane (AOM) induced distal colonic DNA damage, cell proliferation, mucus layer thickness and apoptosis in rats.

Laboratory diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis in Scottish patients: a novel approach.

Traditional two-tier (enzyme immunoassay [EIA] screening and Western blot confirmation) testing for the laboratory diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis (LB) is expensive, lacks sensitivity in the diagnosis of early LB, cannot distinguish between current and past infection and cannot be used as a marker for treatment response. The aims of the present study is to investigate the role of the C6 EIA as a screening assay, as part of two-tier EIA test strategy, and its use as a marker of treatment response or resolving infection in a routine diagnostic laboratory. The C6 EIA was significantly less sensitive than the Enzygnost Lyme link VlsE/IgG EIA (169/249 vs.

The impact of bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy on breast MRI background parenchymal enhancement and fibroglandular tissue.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) on background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) and the amount of fibroglandular tissue (FGT) seen on breast MRI.

Methods: Retrospective review identified 21 BRCA mutation carriers who underwent breast MRI before and after elective BSO. After exclusion of patients placed on postoperative hormone replacement therapy, there were 18 eligible patients.

Association of the genus Acinetobacter with the decomposition of a swine carcass and the isolation and characterization of a novel strain of Acinetobacter sp. P4.

Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and a selective and differential medium, Acinetobacter numbers were enumerated over the time course of decomposition, from fresh to putrid/dry, of a swine carcass. In addition, Acinetobacter diversity and succession were also characterized. Acinetobacter bacterial counts were observed to be the lowest before exposure (undetectable) and increased to their highest during active decay then decreased and leveled during advanced decay through putrid/dry.