Degradation of chlortetracycline using immobilized laccase on Polyacrylonitrile-biochar composite nanofibrous membrane.

The continuous release of antibiotic compounds through wastewater effluent into environment has raised concerns about their potential problems for different organisms. Enzymatic degradation with laccase is a green option for removal of pharmaceutical compounds from aqueous media. In this study, laccase was immobilized onto homemade Polyacrylonitrile-biochar composite nanofibrous membrane and the obtained biocatalyst was employed for removal of chlortetracycline, a widely used antibiotic, from aqueous media in continuous mode.

Adsorption study of environmentally relevant concentrations of chlortetracycline on pinewood biochar.

The presence of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in water and wastewater has raised concerns because of potential environmental impacts and thus their removal is of high importance. The adsorption behavior of chlortetracycline (CTC) from aqueous solution on raw and activated pinewood biochar was studied at 298 K. The effect of initial pH of the solution was studied by performing the experiment at three different pHs (1, 5 and 9).

C/Si multilayer mirrors for the 25-30-nm wavelength region.

We report a new material combination, C/Si, for normal-incidence multilayer mirrors in the wavelength region 25-30 nm. The multilayers, fabricated by ion-beam-sputtering deposition, were characterized by near-normal-incidence reflectance measurements by using a discharge source and a grazing-incidence monochromator. The highest measured near-normal-incidence reflectance was R = 23% (25.