Tropical and montane Apis cerana show distinct dance-distance calibration curves.

Social bees have evolved sophisticated communication systems to recruit nestmates to newly found food sources. As foraging ranges can vary from a few hundred meters to several kilometers depending on the environment or season, populations of social bee species living in different climate zones likely show specific adaptations in their recruitment communication. Accordingly, studies in the western honey bee, Apis mellifera, demonstrated that temperate populations exhibit shallower dance-calibration curves compared with tropical populations.

Mental and Physical Health Impacts of Mindfulness Training for College Undergraduates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Universities increasingly offer mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) to improve student health and reduce their impact on overburdened psychological services. It is critical for evidence-based policy to determine for what health outcomes mindfulness programs are effective and under what conditions. Objectives were to: (a) perform a comprehensive analysis of the effects of mindfulness interventions on physical, mental, and behavioral health outcomes in college undergraduate students, and (b) examine moderators of intervention effects to identify factors that may help improve existing university mindfulness programs and guide the design of new programs.

Diverse communication strategies in bees as a window into adaptations to an unpredictable world.

Communication is a fundamental feature of animal societies and helps their members to solve the challenges they encounter, from exploiting food sources to fighting enemies or finding a new home. Eusocial bees inhabit a wide range of environments and they have evolved a multitude of communication signals that help them exploit resources in their environment efficiently. We highlight recent advances in our understanding of bee communication strategies and discuss how variation in social biology, such as colony size or nesting habits, and ecological conditions are important drivers of variation in communication strategies.

Disorders in Children.

Pediatric dermatoses can present at birth or develop over time. When managing dermatology conditions in children, caregiver involvement is important. Patients may have lesions that need to be monitored or need assistance with therapeutic administration.

Alopecia areata in underrepresented groups: preliminary analysis of the all of us research program.

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition characterized by patchy, nonscarring hair loss. Few studies of AA have adequately included participants from underrepresented groups when evaluating the burden of AA in the United States. We conducted a cross-sectional study of personal/demographic factors and AA using the ongoing All of Us (AoU) Research Program.

Beyond the Hot Comb: Updates in Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment of Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia from 2011 to 2021.

Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA) is a form of scarring alopecia that predominantly affects middle-aged women of African descent. Recent data suggest a multifactorial etiology of CCCA that is influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Emerging evidence regarding the genetic basis of the condition may elucidate new therapies.

Immune-mediated diseases and subsequent risk of alopecia areata in a prospective study of US women.

Introduction: Alopecia areata (AA) is the most common form of immune-mediated hair loss. Studies have begun to establish the most frequent comorbid diseases of AA; however, results have been inconsistent with few prospective studies.

Methods: A total of 63,692 women in the Nurses' Health Study, 53-80 years, were prospectively followed from 2002 to 2014 to determine whether history of immune-mediated disease was associated with AA risk.

Clinical Outcomes of Free, Public Skin Cancer Screening Events, Rhode Island, 2015-2019.

Background: In Rhode Island, malignant melanoma of skin causes about 30 deaths a year. Early detection has been shown to reduce mortality risk.

Methods: Dermatology volunteers and public health professionals convened 27 free skin cancer screenings at public beaches in 2015-2019 to raise skin cancer awareness and screen patients for malignancy.

Photosensitizing Medications and Skin Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.

(1) The incidence of skin cancer is increasing in the United States (US) despite scientific advances in our understanding of skin cancer risk factors and treatments. In vitro and in vivo studies have provided evidence that suggests that certain photosensitizing medications (PSMs) increase skin cancer risk. This review summarizes current epidemiological evidence on the association between common PSMs and skin cancer.

Distance estimation by Asian honey bees in two visually different landscapes.

Honey bees estimate distances to food sources using image motion experienced on the flight path and they use this measure to tune the waggle phase duration in their dance communication. Most studies on the dance-related odometer are based on experiments with foragers trained into small tunnels with black and white patterns which allowed quantifiable changes in the optic flow. In this study, we determined the calibration curves of two Asian honey bee species, and , in two different natural environments with clear differences in the vegetation conditions and hence visual contrast.

Adaptive evolution of honeybee dance dialects.

Efficient communication is highly important for the evolutionary success of social animals. Honeybees (genus ) are unique in that they communicate the spatial information of resources using a symbolic 'language', the waggle dance. Different honeybee species differ in foraging ecology but it remains unknown whether this shaped variation in the dance.

Inter-individual variation in honey bee dance intensity correlates with expression of the foraging gene.

Individual behavioural differences in responding to the same stimuli is an integral part of division of labour in eusocial insect colonies. Amongst honey bee nectar foragers, individuals strongly differ in their sucrose responsiveness, which correlates with strong differences in behavioural decisions. In this study, we explored whether the mechanisms underlying the regulation of foraging are linked to inter-individual differences in the waggle dance activity of honey bee foragers.

Honey bees flexibly use two navigational memories when updating dance distance information.

Honey bees can communicate navigational information which makes them unique amongst all prominent insect navigators. Returning foragers recruit nest mates to a food source by communicating flight distance and direction using a small scale walking pattern: the waggle dance. It is still unclear how bees transpose flight information to generate corresponding dance information.

Molecular characterization of CTX-M type Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase producing E. coli isolated from humans and the environment.

Purpose: Escherichia coli is a common pathogen causing community- and hospital-acquired infections. The infections caused by the Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) enzymes-producing E. coli hinder antibiotic treatment.

Incidence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Escherichia coli among patients, healthy individuals and in the environment.

We investigated the faecal carriage of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli in different groups of human subjects and in the environment. A total of 363 E. coli strains were isolated from stool samples of patients (n = 77), healthy subjects (n = 170) and from different environmental samples (n = 116).

Blinded assessment of operative performance after fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery in gynecology training.

Study Objective: To determine the pass rate for the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) examination among senior gynecology residents and fellows and to find whether there is an association between FLS scores and previous laparoscopic experience as well as laparoscopic intraoperative (OR) skills assessment.

Design: Prospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).

Setting: Three gynecology residency training programs.

A superconducting beta spectrometer.

We have designed and constructed a superconducting beta spectrometer with a momentum resolution of about 2% and a peak solid angle of 0.5 sr. The performance of the spectrometer is described and the results of calibrations with line sources are presented.

Explaining the atypical reaction profiles of heme enzymes with a novel mechanistic hypothesis and kinetic treatment.

Many heme enzymes show remarkable versatility and atypical kinetics. The fungal extracellular enzyme chloroperoxidase (CPO) characterizes a variety of one and two electron redox reactions in the presence of hydroperoxides. A structural counterpart, found in mammalian microsomal cytochrome P450 (CYP), uses molecular oxygen plus NADPH for the oxidative metabolism (predominantly hydroxylation) of substrate in conjunction with a redox partner enzyme, cytochrome P450 reductase.

Cyclic peptide inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence prepared by Fmoc-based thiolactone peptide synthesis.

Virulence factor production in Staphylococcus aureus is largely under the control of the accessory gene regulator (agr) quorum sensing system. There are four agr groups, all of which exhibit bacterial interference: each agr type synthesizes a cyclic autoinducing peptide (AIP) with a distinct sequence that activates its cognate AgrC receptor and inhibits activation of others. To better understand inhibitory AIP-AgrC interactions, we aimed to identify the minimal molecular determinants required to inhibit both non-cognate and cognate receptors.

Identification of ligand specificity determinants in AgrC, the Staphylococcus aureus quorum-sensing receptor.

Activation of the agr system, a major regulator of staphylococcal virulence, is initiated by the binding of a specific autoinducing peptide (AIP) to the extracellular domain of AgrC, a classical receptor histidine protein kinase. There are four known agr specificity groups in Staphylococcus aureus, and we have previously localized the determinant of AIP receptor specificity to the C-terminal half of the AgrC sensor domain. We have now identified the specific amino acid residues that determine ligand activation specificity for agr groups I and IV, the two most closely related.