New antioxidants from the culture broth of Coprinopsis echinospora.

During the search for natural antioxidants from fungal metabolites, three new sesquiterpene derivatives (1-3) have been isolated from the culture broth of Coprinopsis echinospora. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, mainly NMR and mass spectrometric analyses. These compounds exhibited antioxidant activity with IC values in the range of 34.

Consoramides A-C, New Zwitterionic Alkaloids from the Fungus .

In our ongoing search for new secondary metabolites from fungi, a basidiomycete fungus was selected for mycochemical investigation, and three new zwitterionic alkaloids (-) and five known compounds (-) were isolated from the culture broth (16 l) of . The culture filtrate was fractionated by a series of column chromatography including Diaion HP-20, silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20, Sep-Pak C cartridge, medium pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC), and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) to yield eight compounds (-). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by the interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS).

Rhizophins A and B, new sesquiterpenes from the culture broth of Coprinus rhizophorus.

Two new sesquiterpenes (1 and 2) together with one known compound (3) were isolated from the culture broth of Coprinus rhizophorus. Chemical structures of these compounds were deduced by spectroscopic methods. Compound 1 exhibited free-radical-scavenging activity against the 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical.

Oregonensins A and B, new meroterpenoids from the culture broth of Ganoderma oregonense and their antioxidant activity.

Two new meroterpene derivatives (1 and 2), together with three known compounds (3-5) were isolated from the culture broth of fungus Ganoderma oregonense. Chemical structures of compounds 1-5 were determined using spectroscopic methods. All compounds were tested for 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging efficacy.

Neuraminidase Inhibitors from the Fruiting Body of .

Neuraminidase (NA) cleaves the glycosidic bond linkages of sialic acids to release the mature virions from infected cells and has been an attractive therapeutic target for anti-influenza agents. In our ongoing investigation of NA inhibitors in mushroom extracts, we found that the extract the fruiting body of potently inhibited neuraminidase. The fruiting bodies of .

Three new meroterpenoids from culture broth of Perenniporia medulla-panis and their antioxidant activities.

Three new meroterpenoids (1-3) together with one known compound (4) were isolated from the culture broth of Perenniporia medulla-panis, a wood-rotting fungus in the family Polyporaceae. Their structures were elucidated by NMR and HRESIMS analyses. These compounds exhibited antioxidant activity with IC values ranging from 12.

Control of Anthracnose and Gray Mold in Pepper Plants Using Culture Extract of White-Rot Fungus and Active Compound Schizostatin.

Fungi produce various secondary metabolites that have beneficial and harmful effects on other organisms. Those bioactive metabolites have been explored as potential medicinal and antimicrobial resources. However, the activities of the culture filtrate (CF) and metabolites of white-rot fungus () have been underexplored.

Mannonerolidol, a new nerolidol mannoside from culture broth of Schizophyllum commune.

To discover antimicrobial agents from higher fungi, mannonerolidol (3), a new nerolidol mannoside, together with known schizostatin (1) and nerolidol (2) were isolated from an antimicrobial fraction of the culture broth of Schizophyllum commune. Structures of these compounds were determined through spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1 and 3 exhibited antimicrobial activities against plant pathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani, Diaporthe sp.

New antioxidants from the culture broth of Hericium coralloides.

In our effort to find antioxidants from the higher fungi, we isolated three new compounds (1-3) with a known compound, spirobenzofuran (4), from the culture broth of Hericium coralloides. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of these compounds, and we determined the chemical structures through spectroscopic methods. These compounds exhibited antioxidant activity in the range of IC values of 29-66 μM in the 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical-scavenging assay.

Control Efficacy of sp. A501 against Ginseng Damping-off and Its Antifungal Substance.

Ginseng damping-off, caused by the fungal pathogens and sp., is a critical disease in ginseng seedling. In a continuing effort to find microorganisms with the potential of acting as a biocontrol agent against damping-off, we found that a sp.

Neuraminidase Inhibitors from the Fruiting Body of Phellinus igniarius.

During our ongoing investigation of neuraminidase inhibitors from medicinal fungi, we found that the fruiting bodies of Phellinus igniarius exhibited significant inhibitory activity against neuraminidase from recombinant H3N2 influenza viruses. Two active compounds were isolated from the methanolic extract of P. igniarius through solvent partitioning and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography.

Characterization of Neuraminidase Inhibitors in Korean Papaver rhoeas Bee Pollen Contributing to Anti-Influenza Activities In Vitro.

The active constituents of Korean Papaver rhoeas bee pollen conferring neuraminidase inhibitory activities (H1N1, H3N2, and H5N1) were investigated. Six flavonoids and one alkaloid were isolated and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry data. These included kaempferol-3-sophoroside (1), kaempferol-3-neohesperidoside (2), kaempferol-3-sambubioside (3), kaempferol-3-glucoside (4), quercetin-3-sophoroside (5), luteolin (6), and chelianthifoline (7).

New Glabretal Triterpenes from the Immature Fruits of Poncirus trifoliata and Their Selective Cytotoxicity.

Two new glabretal triterpenes, pancastatins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the immature fruits of Poncirus trifoliata. Their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses including one- and two-dimensional NMR and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited selective cytotoxicity against PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells under low-glucose stress conditions.

Antifungal Substances from Streptomyces sp. A3265 Antagonistic to Plant Pathogenic Fungi.

In a previous study, we identified a Streptomyces sp., A3265, as exhibiting potent antifungal activity against various plant pathogenic fungi, including Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Rhizoctonia solani. This strain also exhibited a biocontrolling effect against ginseng root rot and damping-off disease, common diseases of ginseng and other crops.

Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Activity of Korean Indigenous Mushroom Extracts and Isolation of an Active Compound from Phellinus baumii.

We investigated a total of 335 samples of Korean native mushroom extracts as part of our lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitor screening program. Among the mushroom-methanolic extracts we investigated, 35 exhibited an inhibitory activity greater than 30% against LOX at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. Especially, Collybia maculata, Tylopilus neofelleus, Strobilomyces confusus, Phellinus gilvus, P.