Band Alignment and Surface Photo-Voltage Analysis of C-Si/Sio/Poly-Silicon Passivating-Contact Stacks Through X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy.

Ultrathin SiO layers and c-Si/SiO interfaces find application in tunnel-oxide passivated contacts (TOPcon) for high-efficiency silicon solar cells. Here, we investigate their detailed microscopic properties, with specific attention for the case of c-Si(100) substrates, capped either by p-type or n-type poly-silicon layers [c-Si/SiO/poly-Si (p) or c-Si/SiO/poly-Si (n)]. Our focus is on the effects of the substrate preparation conditions (either by a dry-plasma or wet SiO process) and the high-temperature annealing step (as required for the poly-Si crystallization) on the SiO stoichiometry and its microscopic structure.

Scaled Deposition of TiC MXene on Complex Surfaces: Application Assessment as Rear Electrodes for Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells.

Two-dimensional transition metal carbides (MXenes) are of great interest as electrode materials for a variety of applications, including solar cells, due to their tunable optoelectronic properties, high metallic conductivity, and attractive solution processability. However, thus far, MXene electrodes have only been exploited for lab-scale device applications. Here, to demonstrate the potential of MXene electrodes at an industry-relevant level, we implemented a scalable spray coating technique to deposit highly conductive (.

Enhanced optical path and electron diffusion length enable high-efficiency perovskite tandems.

Tandem solar cells involving metal-halide perovskite subcells offer routes to power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) that exceed the single-junction limit; however, reported PCE values for tandems have so far lain below their potential due to inefficient photon harvesting. Here we increase the optical path length in perovskite films by preserving smooth morphology while increasing thickness using a method we term boosted solvent extraction. Carrier collection in these films - as made - is limited by an insufficient electron diffusion length; however, we further find that adding a Lewis base reduces the trap density and enhances the electron-diffusion length to 2.

Fifteen years of early hearing screening in Flanders: impact on language and education.

Objectives: To assess the impact of fifteen years of universal neonatal hearing screening in Flanders on language development and the educational setting.

Methodology: An analysis of the database of Kind en Gezin from 1997 to 2012 and a long-term evaluation of the children referred to our centre after failed neonatal hearing screening. The CELF and PPVT language tests were performed.