Novel indices of state- and county-level social disadvantage in older Americans and disparities in mortality.

Studying and defining social contextual disadvantage in community-living older persons is vitally important, yet no composite indices of social disadvantage have been developed and validated specifically for the geriatric population. The current study aims to create two novel composite indices representing state- and county-level social contextual disadvantage in older (≥65 years) persons in the United States (US), and to evaluate whether disparities in mortality exist between index-defined disadvantaged and non-disadvantaged groups. Publicly-available state- and county-level (2006-2014) contextual factors from all 50 US states and 3132 counties were used to create indices of social contextual disadvantage.

Explaining Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Advance Care Planning: A Decomposition Analysis.

Background: The study quantifies the relative significance of a range of demographic, socioeconomic status (SES), health care service and access, health, and psychological factors in explaining racial and ethnic disparities in advance care planning (ACP).

Methods: Our sample included 8,416 White, Black, or Hispanic adults aged 65 or older, using the 2020 Health and Retirement Study. We applied Gelbach's decomposition method to understand the relative contribution of 37 factors in explaining White-Black and White-Hispanic disparities in ACP discussion and advance directives (AD) completion.

Care Recipients' Cognitive Trajectories and Caregivers' Depressive Symptoms: The Mediating Role of Caregiving Burden.

Background And Objectives: The heterogeneity of population-based trajectories of care recipients' (CRs) cognitive functioning and how they are associated with their caregivers' mental health is less studied in the United States. Informed by the stress process model, this study examines the relationship between care recipients' cognitive trajectories and caregivers' depressive symptoms, and the mediating role of caregiving burden.

Research Design And Methods: Data were from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (2011-2020) for 1,086 care recipients and their 1,675 caregivers from the 2021 National Study of Caregiving.

A novel small molecule NJH-13 induces pyroptosis via the Ca driven AKT-FOXO1-GSDME signaling pathway in NSCLC by targeting TRPV5.

Introduction: Pyroptosis represents a mode of programmed necrotic cell death (PCD), mediated by members of gasdermin family (GSDMs), such as GSDME. It is emerging as a promising approach for combating cancer. Notably, GSDME is the key modulator for the switch between apoptosis and pyroptosis in cells.

A Novel Time Use Approach on Daily Active Engagement With Life: The Intersectionality of Race and Gender.

Background And Objectives: Active engagement with life (AE) is an integral aspect of successful aging. Using time diary data, this study explored how U.S.