Predicting fracture in the proximal humerus using phase field models.

Proximal humerus impacted fractures are of clinical concern in the elderly population. Prediction of such fractures by CT-based finite element methods encounters several major obstacles such as heterogeneous mechanical properties and fracture due to compressive strains. We herein propose to investigate a variation of the phase field method (PFM) embedded into the finite cell method (FCM) to simulate impacted humeral fractures in fresh frozen human humeri.

In vivo human retinal swept source optical coherence tomography and angiography at 830 nm with a CMOS compatible photonic integrated circuit.

Photonic integrated circuits (PIC) provide promising functionalities to significantly reduce the size and costs of optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems. This paper presents an imaging platform operating at a center wavelength of 830 nm for ophthalmic application using PIC-based swept source OCT. An on-chip Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) configuration, which comprises an input power splitter, polarization beam splitters in the sample and the reference arm, and a 50/50 coupler for signal interference represents the core element of the system with a footprint of only [Formula: see text].

Enhanced medical diagnosis for dOCTors: a perspective of optical coherence tomography.

Significance: After three decades, more than 75,000 publications, tens of companies being involved in its commercialization, and a global market perspective of about USD 1.5 billion in 2023, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become one of the fastest successfully translated imaging techniques with substantial clinical and economic impacts and acceptance.

Aim: Our perspective focuses on disruptive forward-looking innovations and key technologies to further boost OCT performance and therefore enable significantly enhanced medical diagnosis.

Adaptive compounding speckle-noise-reduction filter for optical coherence tomography images.

Significance: Speckle noise limits the diagnostic capabilities of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images, causing both a reduction in contrast and a less accurate assessment of the microstructural morphology of the tissue.

Aim: We present a speckle-noise reduction method for OCT volumes that exploits the advantages of adaptive-noise wavelet thresholding with a wavelet compounding method applied to several frames acquired from consecutive positions. The method takes advantage of the wavelet representation of the speckle statistics, calculated properly from a homogeneous sample or a region of the noisy volume.

Toward optical coherence tomography on a chip: in vivo three-dimensional human retinal imaging using photonic integrated circuit-based arrayed waveguide gratings.

In this work, we present a significant step toward in vivo ophthalmic optical coherence tomography and angiography on a photonic integrated chip. The diffraction gratings used in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography can be replaced by photonic integrated circuits comprising an arrayed waveguide grating. Two arrayed waveguide grating designs with 256 channels were tested, which enabled the first chip-based optical coherence tomography and angiography in vivo three-dimensional human retinal measurements.