Comparison of the Severity of Respiratory Disease in Children Testing Positive for Enterovirus D68 and Human Rhinovirus.

Objective: To compare the characteristics and severity of respiratory disease in children testing positive for enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) and for human rhinovirus (RhV).

Study Design: A retrospective single center study of children presenting with acute respiratory symptoms and positive polymerase chain reaction for RhV/EV from September 1, 2014 through October 31, 2014 was performed. Specimens were subsequently tested specifically for EV-D68 and specimens identified as RhV were subtyped when possible into RhV-A, RhV-B, and RhV-C species.

Psychosocial influences on mortality after myocardial infarction.

Psychosocial interviews with 2320 male survivors of acute myocardial infarction, participants in the beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial, permitted the definition of two variables strongly associated with an increased three-year mortality risk. With other important prognostic factors controlled for, the patients classified as being socially isolated and having a high degree of life stress had more than four times the risk of death of the men with low levels of both stress and isolation. An inverse association of education with mortality in this population reflected the gradient in the prevalence of the defined psychosocial characteristics.

Education, psychosocial stress and sudden cardiac death.

To explore the hypothesis that low education, associated with high 5-yr sudden-death risk among myocardial infarction survivors demonstrating ventricular arrhythmia, might be a marker for relatively high levels of psychosocial stress, we did telephone interviews with the patients' wives. Analysis of the information obtained on life circumstances and personality attributes resulted in four psychosocial factors that were found to be independent of the patients' educational level. The difference in sudden-death risk in relation to education, given the presence of complex ventricular premature beats in one hour of ECG monitoring, was large and could not be accounted for in multivariate analyses by one or more of these psychosocial factors.

Mortality after first myocardial infarction. Search for a secular trend.

Two earlier studies of prognosis of coronary heart disease among men enrolled in the Health Insurance Plan in the 1960s and 1970s permitted us to examine whether prognosis had improved over this ten-year period. The new comparison involved 1,133 men aged 35 to 64 years who had survived a first acute myocardial infarction and were followed up for mortality after a baseline examination. Mortality estimates were controlled for clinical and demographic differences between the two cohorts by multivariate methods and by comparing subgroups.