Thoracic drainage.

The evacuation of empyemas first performed centuries ago, marked the beginning of thoracic drainage. The subsequent acquisition of a greater knowledge of the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the pleural space directed the design of thoracic catheters and drainage systems and the development of the methods by which they are used. Furthermore, a better understanding of the physics of vacuum and air flow brought about improvements in the use of suction with drainage.

Primary angiosarcoma of the innominate vein: a case report with resection and long-term survival.

The first reported case of a primary angiosarcoma arising from the innominate vein is presented. This rare tumor was treated with surgical excision, and the patient is alive 8 years postoperatively.