[Tuberculosis Profile in Chile: Effect of Migration, Overcrowding and Income on Tuberculosis and Its Spatial Distribution].

Aim: To analyze tuberculosis (TB) incidence, demographic profiles, and associated risk factors in migrant and national populations, in order to understand the impact of migration, overcrowding, and socioeconomic factors on TB prevalence and care-seeking behaviors.

Material And Methods: Data from various communes within the Metropolitan Region and other parts of the national territory were analyzed to assess TB incidence, demographic characteristics, and care-seeking behaviors among migrant and national populations.

Results: TB disproportionately affects males in both migrant and national populations.

Dynamical robustness of a Boolean model for the human gonadal sex determination.

Gonadal sex determination (GSD) is a complex but poorly understood process in the early stages of embryonic development. This process determines whether the bipotential gonadal primordium (BGP) will differentiate into testes or ovaries through the activation of genetic factors related to Sertoli or Granulosa cells, respectively. The study of this developmental process remains challenging due to experimental limitations and the complexity of the underlying genetic interactions.

β-lactam-induced OMV release promotes polymyxin tolerance in sv. Typhi.

The rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a global concern, leading to a renewed reliance on older antibiotics like polymyxins as a last resort. Polymyxins, cationic cyclic peptides synthesized nonribosomally, feature a hydrophobic acyl tail and positively charged residues. Their antimicrobial mechanism involves initial interaction with Gram-negative bacterial outer-membrane components through polar and hydrophobic interactions.

Exposure to ultra-processed foods during pregnancy and ultrasound fetal growth parameters.

Periconceptional maternal ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption impairs embryonic growth. Impacts of exposure to UPF on distinct components of fetal growth in late pregnancy are unknown. We investigated the influence of frequency of UPF consumption during pregnancy on fetal head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC) and femur length (FL).

"One for All": Functional Transfer of OMV-Mediated Polymyxin B Resistance From sv. Typhi Δ and Δ to Susceptible Bacteria.

The appearance of multi-resistant strains has contributed to reintroducing polymyxin as the last-line therapy. Although polymyxin resistance is based on bacterial envelope changes, other resistance mechanisms are being reported. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanosized proteoliposomes secreted from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.