Development and validation of a rurality index for healthcare research in Japan: a modified Delphi study.

Objectives: Rural-urban healthcare disparities exist globally. Various countries have used a rurality index for evaluating the disparities. Although Japan has many remote islands and rural areas, no rurality index exists.

E-cigarette use by Ontario public elementary school and secondary school students: Has the use among sociodemographic groups changed from 2017 to 2019?

This project examined e-cigarette use among Elementary School (ES) (grades 7 and 8) and Secondary School (SS) (grades 9-12) students in Ontario, Canada, for 2017 and 2019 and relationships with sociodemographic variables and traditional cigarette use. The data came from the Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey OSDUHS (2017, 2019). Socio-demographics included grade, school performance, sex, race, years in Canada, living arrangements and language spoken at home.

Patients' experiences with a community fruit and vegetable box program prescribed by their health provider.

Background: Food insecurity is "the state of being without reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food". Observational studies have associated food insecurity with many negative health effects including the development and exacerbations of chronic diseases, higher health care use and increased mortality. Health care providers prescribing food is a growing area of interest and research, however it is not known how patients feel about receiving fruit and vegetable prescriptions (FVRx) from their health provider versus other means of food provision.

Adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and psychological distress, hazardous drinking, and problem gambling: A population-based study.

Recognition of ADHD in the adult population is relatively recent. Epidemiological research examining the mental health impact of ADHD in adulthood is thus limited. The objective of this study was to examine whether adult ADHD symptoms are associated with psychological distress, hazardous drinking, and problem gambling, after controlling for traumatic brain injury and sociodemographic characteristics.

Impact of COVID-19 on motor vehicle injuries and fatalities in older adults in Ontario, Canada.

Background: Older adults constitute the group most vulnerable to COVID-19 mortality. As a result, in North America and elsewhere, older adults have been strongly advised to shelter in place. Older adults also represent the fastest growing segment of licensed drivers.