[Fixed ratio combinations GLP-1RA and basal insulin: literature review].

The progressive nature of type 2 diabetes mellitus leads to the need for insulin therapy in a significant proportion of patients. Very often start of insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with weight gain and a significant increase of hypoglycemia's risk. However, innovative options, such as fixed ratio combinations of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and basal insulin, minimize weight gain and hypoglycemia risks and allow a greater proportion of patients to achieve individual glycemic control goals without compromising safety parameters.

Chemistry and Hypoglycemic Activity of GPR119 Agonist ZB-16.

This article is to highlight the chemical properties and primary pharmacology of novel GPR119 agonist ZB-16 and its analogs, which were rejected during the screening. Experiments were performed (specific activity, metabolism and cell toxicity) and (hypoglycemic activity and pharmacokinetics). ZB-16 exhibits nanomolar activity (EC50 = 7.

Expression of Beclin-1 and LAMP-2 in Rat Hippocampus under Conditions of Simulated Gravity Overload in the Caudocranial Vector.

Structural changes in the rat hippocampus in response to chronic cerebrovascular disorders induced by gravity exposure in the caudocranial vector were studied. Qualitative and quantitative morphological analysis detected significant cytoarchitectonic changes in the pyramidal layer: spongiosis, manifest pericellular and perivascular edema, and a drastic increase in the counts of pyramidal neurons with signs of impairment in all hippocampal zones. The density of perikarya in the pyramidal layer decreased.

[Cerebroprotective activity of metformin, gosogliptin, citicoline and a novel GPR119 agonist in cerebral ischemia under experimental diabetes mellitus].

Unlabelled: Hypoglycemic agents of some groups: sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists reduce the risk and/or severity of cardiovascular diseases. Studies of such properties are currently focused on metformin and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Agonists of GPR119 receptor, increasing the secretion of GLP-1 and insulin, are also actively studied as hypoglycemic drugs with endothelial and cerebroprotective potential.