Prevalence of hepatic encephalopathy in non-cirrhotic portal hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction And Objectives: The prevalence of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH) is not well established, despite evidence of its occurrence in both minimal (MHE) and overt forms (OHE). Accurate diagnosis and management of HE can reduce morbidity and improve patients' and their families' quality of life. This study aimed to systematically review the prevalence of HE in NCPH.

Low-dose irradiation of the gut improves the efficacy of PD-L1 blockade in metastatic cancer patients.

The mechanisms governing the abscopal effects of local radiotherapy in cancer patients remain an open conundrum. Here, we show that off-target intestinal low-dose irradiation (ILDR) increases the clinical benefits of immune checkpoint inhibitors or chemotherapy in eight retrospective cohorts of cancer patients and in tumor-bearing mice. The abscopal effects of ILDR depend on dosimetry (≥1 and ≤3 Gy) and on the metabolic and immune host-microbiota interaction at baseline allowing CD8 T cell activation without exhaustion.

Comparison of total intravenous anesthesia and inhalational anesthesia in patients undergoing liver surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The impact of choosing between inhalational anesthetics and propofol for maintenance anesthesia in liver transplantation or liver resections remains uncertain.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library on September 5, 2023, adhering to the Cochrane Handbook and PRISMA guidelines.

Results: Fifteen randomized controlled trials and five observational studies, comprising 1,602 patients, were included.

Deciphering cartilage neuro-immune interactions and innervation profile through 3D engineered osteoarthritic micropathophysiological system.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory musculoskeletal disorder that results in cartilage breakdown and alterations in the surrounding tissue microenvironment. Imbalances caused by inflammation and catabolic processes potentiate pathological nerves and blood vessels outgrowth toward damaged areas leading to pain in the patients. Yet, the precise mechanisms leading the nerve sprouting into the aneural cartilaginous tissue remain elusive.

Young men who have sex with men and digital technologies for HIV prevention and care: qualitative findings from the conectad@s study.

Young men who have sex with men in Brazil face vulnerability to HIV and display lower PrEP uptake and adherence. Understanding their engagement with digital technologies can better inform mobile health (mHealth) strategies for HIV prevention and care. As part of the Conectad@s study, a HIV status-neutral prevention and care intervention for young men who have sex with men, we conducted semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with 38 participants between January-February 2021.