Some psychological and engineering aspects of the extravehicular activity of astronauts.

One of the main in-flight problems being fulfilled by astronauts is the preparation for and realization of egress into open space for the purpose of different kinds of extravehicular activity, such as, the performance of scientific experiments, repairing and dismantling operations etc. The astronaut's activity outside the space vehicle is the most difficult item of the space flight programme, which is complicated by a number of space factors affecting a man, viz. dynamic weightlessness, work in a space suit under conditions of excessive pressure, difficulties of space orientation etc.

Visual Observations and Spectral Investigations of the Earth's Atmosphere Twilight Aureole from the Soyuz-5 Spacecraft.

Results are given of the spectrophotometric measurements of the earth's atmosphere twilight aureole as first performed from the Soyuz-5 spacecraft. The analysis is made of the experimental findings depending on the wavelength, the perigee height of the sight ray above the earth's surface, the sunset angle, etc..