[Menopausal hormonal therapy and breast cancer.].

The most common treatment for menopausal syndrome is menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), however, the safety of MHT, due to the risk of developing and recurrent breast cancer (BC), is still a matter of debate. The review presents the results of randomized cohort studies of this issue. It has been shown that MHT increases the risk of developing of breast cancer and disease recurrence after treatment.

Detection of high-grade neoplasia in air-dried cervical PAP smears by a microRNA-based classifier.

Recent studies have shown that changes in the expression levels of certain microRNAs correlate with the degree of severity of cervical lesions. The aim of the present study was to develop a microRNA-based classifier for the detection of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN ≥2) in cytological samples from patients with different high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) viral loads. For this purpose, raw RT-qPCR data for 25 candidate microRNAs, U6 snRNA and human DNA in air-dried PAP smears from 174 women with different cervical cytological diagnoses, 144 of which were HR-HPV-positive [40 negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM), 34 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (L-SIL), 57 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (H-SIL), 43 invasive cancers], were statistically processed.

[Possibilities of estimating the prognosis for development of preinvasive cervical neoplasia by the latest molecular biology methods].

Secondary prevention of cervical cancer is the identification and treatment for preinvasive forms of the disease, which include cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). The traditional method of identification of CIN is cytological however the sensitivity and specificity of this method is limited. The efficacy of a test for human papillomavirus as well as new molecular-biological methods for assessing the prognosis of development of dysplasia and choice of appropriate treatment tactics are still in the process of discussion.

[Possibilities of antiviral and immunomodulatory therapy for patients with preinvasive cervical neoplasia].

Secondary prevention of cervical cancer is the identification and treatment of preinvasive forms of the disease, which include dysplasia or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Traditional surgical treatment of preinvasive neoplasia does not always result in elimination of the virus that, in its turn, cannot completely exclude the possibility of recurrence. The article presents references and own observations on possibilities of drug therapy in complex treatment for cervical neoplasia.

[Effectiveness of the model used for screening and early diagnosis of cervical cancer in Karelia].

The article presents the results of a study of the dynamics of morbidity and mortality from cervical cancer among women in Karelia and detection rate of cancer in situ of the cervix during cytological screening in various areas of Karelia from 1998 to 2012. It is shown that cervical cancer incidence in Karelia for this period increased 3 times more. At the same time it is marked an increase of the level of cervical cancer early diagnosis by increasing the detection rate of the disease in Stages I-II from 66.