Publications by authors named "E Tonoli"
Androgen independency is associated with poor prostate cancer (PCa) survival. Here we report that silencing of transglutaminase-2 (TG2) expression by CRISPR-Cas9 is associated with upregulation of androgen receptor (AR) transcription in PCa cell lines. Knockout of TG2 reversed the migratory potential and anchorage independency of PC3 and DU145 cells and revealed a reduced level of mucin-1 (MUC1) RNA transcript through unbiased multi-omics profiling, which was restored by selective add-back of the truncated TG2 isoform (TGM2_v2).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: In the last decade, it has been discovered that allergen-bearing extracellular nanovesicles, termed "pollensomes", are released by pollen during germination. These extracellular vesicles (EVs) may play an important role in pollen-pistil interaction during fertilization, stabilizing the secreted bioactive molecules and allowing long-distance signaling. However, the molecular composition and the biological role of these EVs are still unclear.
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- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects around 16% of the global population and can lead to kidney failure if untreated, with kidney fibrosis often being a key indicator of CKD.
- Urine is a promising source for identifying CKD biomarkers due to its non-invasive collection, but the presence of abundant proteins can complicate detection of rare disease markers.
- Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs), which are derived from renal cells, offer a potential avenue for finding CKD biomarkers as they carry low-abundance proteins and molecules not filtered from plasma, paving the way for improved diagnostics and treatment approaches.
Article Synopsis
- - Researchers discovered that extracellular vesicles (EVs) from astrocytes play a key role in regulating calcium levels within neurons, specifically highlighting transglutaminase-2 (TG2) as an important component on these EVs.
- - When hippocampal neurons were treated with these TG2-containing EVs, calcium concentrations ([Ca]) increased dramatically, whereas EVs lacking TG2 did not produce this effect, indicating TG2’s significance in calcium dynamics.
- - The study suggests that reactive astrocytes can influence neuronal activity and potentially affect synaptic functions during inflammation in the brain by modulating calcium levels through the release of TG2-containing EVs.
Article Synopsis
- Amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition is a key factor in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but current therapies targeting it have not been successful, highlighting the need for new treatment strategies.
- Transglutaminase-2 (TG2) is associated with AD and modifies protein activity, but its full range of interactions in both healthy and AD-affected brains is not well understood.
- Research using APP23 mouse models and TG2 knockout mice shows that while TG2 absence doesn't significantly impact Aβ pathology, it is linked to changes in networks involved in synaptic transmission and cell adhesion, suggesting a role in the progression of AD.