Role for Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage in High-risk Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair: A Narrative Review.

Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage is one of the few preventative and therapeutic practices that may reduce spinal cord ischemia in high-risk thoracic endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (TEVAR). Although this is part of clinical guidelines in open thoracoabdominal aortic repair, there are no randomized controlled trials that provide convincing evidence on the protection conferred by CSF drainage in high-risk TEVAR patients. This gap in knowledge obfuscates clinical decision making given the risk of significant complications of CSF drain insertion and management.

-targeted IcosL controls tumor rejection.

Elevated levels of in solid and liquid malignancies correlate with aggressiveness of the disease. In this manuscript, we show that targets transcripts encoding IcosL, the ligand for Inducible T-cell costimulator (Icos), thus impairing the ability of T cells to recognize and eliminate malignant cells. We specifically found that overexpression of in B cells of Eµ- mice causes loss of IcosL expression as they progress toward malignancy.

Comparison of Neuroinflammation Induced by Hyperphosphorylated Tau Protein Versus Ab42 in Alzheimer's Disease.

Both neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques are associated with inflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Their relative degree of induced neuroinflammation, however, is not well established. Mouse models of AD that expressed either human Aβ42 (n = 7) or human hyperphosphorylated tau protein alone (n = 3), wild type (n = 10), and human AD samples (n = 29 with 18 controls) were studied.

Vertebral Compression Fracture After Spine Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy: The Role of Vertebral Endplate Disruption.

Background And Objectives: Vertebral compression fracture (VCF) is a common, but serious toxicity of spinal stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Several variables that place patients at high risk of VCF have previously been identified, including advanced Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS), a widely adopted clinical decision criterion to assess spinal instability. We examine the role of tumoral endplate (EP) disruption in the risk of VCF and attempt to incorporate it into a simple risk stratification system.