Biomarkers.

Background: Down Syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic form of intellectual disability. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the life expectancy of individuals with DS, currently reaching the age of 60 or over. However, it has been observed that as of age 40, these individuals experience higher risk of developing dementia, and almost all of them exhibit histopathological characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in their brains.

Biomarkers.

Background: With the increase in life expectancy and the rising prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the integration of biomarkers for early diagnosis is crucial. The Mayo Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite (Mayo-PACC), encompassing the Rey-Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Trail Making Test - B (TMT B), and semantic fluency, is designed to detect cognitive changes in preclinical AD. This study investigates gender-based differences in the predictive efficacy of Mayo-PACC for AD biomarkers following the ATN (Amyloid, Tau, Neurodegeneration) criteria.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Genetic testing for individuals with dominantly inherited Alzheimer's disease (DIAD) is now of greater relevance due to the existence of therapeutic trials available to this population. However, the impact and main drivers influencing the decision to seek genetic testing are relatively unknown in Latin America (LatAm). Here we present results from a regional genetic counseling and testing protocol implemented in LatAm.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: LatAm-FINGERS - the first non-pharmacological multicenter randomized clinical trial in Latin America - is a valuable opportunity to study lifestyle in a heterogeneous and multiethnic population exposed to a large number of cardiovascular risk factors. Our aims are to study the risk distribution in the LatAm-FINGERS cohort and to explore the relationship between LIfestyle for BRAin Health (LIBRA) and cognition.

Method: We calculated the risk of dementia using the LIBRA score in the entire cohort (n = 1200).

A DNA base-specific sequence interposed between CRX and NRL contributes to RHODOPSIN expression.

Gene expression emerges from DNA sequences through the interaction of transcription factors (TFs) with DNA cis-regulatory sequences. In eukaryotes, TFs bind to transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) with differential affinities, enabling cell-specific gene expression. In this view, DNA enables TF binding along a continuum ranging from low to high affinity depending on its sequence composition; however, it is not known whether evolution has entailed a further level of entanglement between DNA-protein interaction.