Sex-biased neural encoding of threat discrimination in nucleus accumbens afferents drives suppression of reward behavior.

Learning to predict threat is essential, but equally important-yet often overlooked-is learning about the absence of threat. Here, by recording neural activity in two nucleus accumbens (NAc) glutamatergic afferents during aversive and neutral cues, we reveal sex-biased encoding of threat cue discrimination. In male mice, NAc afferents from the ventral hippocampus are preferentially activated by threat cues.

Electrocatalytic reduction of CO to CO by a series of organometallic Re(I)-tpy complexes.

A series of organometallic Re(I)(L)(CO)Br complexes with 4'-substituted terpyridine ligands (L) has been synthesised as electrocatalysts for CO reduction. The complexes' spectroscopic characterisation and computationally optimised geometry demonstrate a facial geometry around Re(I) with three COs and the terpyridine ligand coordinating in a bidentate mode. The effect of substitution on the 4'-position of terpyridine (Re1-5) on CO electroreduction was investigated and compared with a known Lehn-type catalyst, Re(I)(bpy)(CO)Br (Re7).

The Zinc-BED Transcription Factor Bedwarfed Promotes Proportional Dendritic Growth and Branching through Transcriptional and Translational Regulation in .

Dendrites are the primary points of sensory or synaptic input to a neuron and play an essential role in synaptic integration and neural function. Despite the functional importance of dendrites, relatively less is known about the underlying mechanisms regulating cell type-specific dendritic patterning. Herein, we have dissected the functional roles of a previously uncharacterized gene, , in cell type-specific dendritic development in .

The Zinc-BED transcription factor Bedwarfed promotes proportional dendritic growth and branching through transcriptional and translational regulation in .

Dendrites are the primary points of sensory or synaptic inputs to a neuron and play an essential role in synaptic integration and neural function. Despite the functional importance of dendrites, relatively less is known about the underlying mechanisms regulating cell-type specific dendritic patterning. Herein, we have dissected functional roles of a previously uncharacterized gene, , in cell-type specific dendritic development in .

Effects of autophagy modulators tamoxifen and chloroquine on the expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs in MIAMI cells exposed to IFNγ.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be utilized clinically for treatment of conditions that result from excessive inflammation. In a pro-inflammatory environment, MSCs adopt an anti-inflammatory phenotype resulting in immunomodulation. A sub-type of MSCs referred to as "marrow-isolated adult multilineage inducible" (MIAMI) cells, which were isolated from bone marrow, were utilized to show that the addition of autophagy modulators, tamoxifen (TX) or chloroquine (CQ), can alter how MIAMI cells respond to IFNγ exposure in vitro resulting in an increased immunoregulatory capacity of the MIAMI cells.